Changing relationships between Religion, the State, and Society in Russia |
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| Authors: | Alexey D Krindatch |
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| Institution: | (1) Patriarch Athenagoras Orthodox Institute, 2311 Hearst Ave, Berkeley, CA 94709, USA |
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| Abstract: | This paper first traces the major changes in the relationship between the (Orthodox) Church and State in the different Russian
polities, using Madeley’s framework of historic mono-confessional blocs and multi-confessional belts. Second, it outlines
the recent tendencies and characteristic features of church–state relations in today’s Russia. Third, using data from sociological
surveys, it analyses the current dominant popular perceptions and societal attitudes towards religion and the State, including
religious freedom. Being part of the historic mono-confessional Orthodox bloc, the different Russian polities produced different
models of church–state relations: from a symphony of religious and political powers, through a forced nationalization of the
Orthodox Church (Russian Empire from the époque of Peter the Great until revolution of 1917), and forced secularisation (during
the Soviet Union), to a return of mutual support of (Orthodox) Church and State despite a formal (constitutional) separation
in Putin’s Russia. |
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| Keywords: | Church– state relations Geography of religion Political geography Religious attitudes Freedom of religion Russia |
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