Raman study of apatite amorphised with swift heavy ions under various irradiation conditions |
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| Authors: | Christian Weikusat Ulrich A Glasmacher Beatrice Schuster Christina Trautmann Ronald Miletich Reinhard Neumann |
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| Institution: | 1.Institute of Earth Sciences,University of Heidelberg,Heidelberg,Germany;2.Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research,Bremerhaven,Germany;3.GSI Helmholtz Centre for Heavy Ion Research,Darmstadt,Germany;4.Technische Universit?t Darmstadt,Darmstadt,Germany |
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| Abstract: | Crystallographically oriented Durango fluorapatites were exposed to swift heavy ions (Xe, Ta, Au, U) at different irradiation
conditions. Beam-induced sample modifications were investigated with respect to the effect of fluence (109–1013 ions/cm2), electronic energy loss (18–27 keV/nm), and pressure (3.6–11.5 GPa) applied during irradiation. In situ high-pressure irradiation
was performed in diamond anvil cells. Confocal Raman spectroscopy was used to trace the occurring changes in the crystal lattice.
Fragmentation of the crystal specimen depends on the orientation and sample thickness and was found to scale with energy loss
and fluence. The radiation damage for irradiation along the c-axis was found to be larger than for the 〈hk0〉 direction, independent of the confining pressure. Observations on samples irradiated at high pressures indicate a stabilising
effect, leading to reduced amorphisation in comparison to the samples irradiated without pressure. |
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