Coastal and marine resource use conflicts and sustainable development in Tanzania |
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| Institution: | 1. Universidade de Lisboa, Instituto Superior Técnico, MARETEC, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001, Lisboa, Portugal;2. Universidade de Lisboa, Instituto de Geografia e Ordenamento do Território, CEG-ZEPHYRUS, Rua Branca Edmée Marques, 1600-276 Lisboa, Portugal;3. Department of Plant Sciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EA, UK;4. A ROCHA, Apartado 41, 8501-903 Mexilhoeira Grande, Portugal;5. Lincoln School of Theology, Minster Yard, Lincoln, LN2 1PU, UK;1. Department of Biology, University of Magdalena, PO Box 2-1-21630, Carrera 32 No. 22-08, Santa Marta, Magdalena, Colombia;2. Center for Science & Democracy, Union of Concerned Scientists, 2 Brattle Square, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA;3. Social-Ecological Systems Laboratory, Department of Ecology, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, c. Darwin 2, 28049 Madrid, Spain;1. School of Land Science and Technology, China University of Geosciences, 29 Xueyuan Rd., Beijing, 100083, China;2. Key Lab of Land Consolidation and Rehabilitation, Ministry of Natural Resources of the People''s Republic of China, 37 Guanying Rd., Beijing, 100035, China;3. National Marine Data and Information Service, Tianjin, 300171, China |
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| Abstract: | A survey of coastal and marine resource use conflicts in Tanzania was carried out to highlight them, investigate their origin and finally, suggest ways of minimizing them. Although Tanzania is putting emphasis on environmental issues, including coastal zone management, integrated coastal area management has not yet been integrated into the government management structure/approach. Many conflicts are the result of sectoral approach to coastal and marine resources management, and improper or poor implementation of government policies. Additionally, the local coastal community, who are the foremost stakeholder, were most often not involved in the planning, decision and implementation of many projects and policies even those that affect them directly. Ignorance about the linkages of coastal and marine ecosystems and resources is also an important factor. I suggest that integrated coastal area management which is the foundation for sustainable development, as far as coastal and marine resources are concerned, should be integrated into the government administrative structure. A lead agency with full authority on all activities on the coastal area, including issuance of permits for environmental sensitive businesses/activities, should be nominated or established. This will reduce conflicts by bringing about national coordination of coastal area management. |
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