From beaches to beach environments: linking the ecology,human-use and management of beaches in Australia |
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| Institution: | 1. Departamento de Sistemas Físicos, Químicos y Naturales, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Ctra. Utrera Km 1, 41013 Sevilla, Spain;2. Departamento de Zoología, Universidad de Sevilla, Av. Reina Mercedes 6, 41012 Sevilla, Spain;1. Geo-Environmental Cartography and Remote Sensing Group, Department of Cartographic Engineering, Geodesy and Photogrammetry, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camí de Vera, s/n 46022, València, Spain;2. Institut d’Investigació per a la Investigació de Zones Costaneres (IGIC), Universitat Politècnica de València, c/Paranimf, 1, 46730, Grau de Gandia, València, Spain;1. Research Centre for Integrated Transport Innovation, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, UNSW Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia;2. Erasmus School of Health Policy & Management and Erasmus Choice Modelling Centre, Erasmus University Rotterdam, the Netherlands;3. NSW Office of Environment and Heritage, PO Box A290, Sydney South, NSW, 1232, Australia;4. School of Environment, Science and Engineering, Southern Cross University, Military Rd, Lismore, NSW, 2480, Australia |
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| Abstract: | Beaches are very important to Australians but are presently threatened by several forms of environmental degradation. Beach management has traditionally concentrated on geomorphic hazards and the recreational human-use of beaches, but has largely ignored the ecological and broader environmental values of beaches. In this paper beaches are conceived as multidimensional environmental systems — `beach environments’ — that are nested within larger coastal systems and comprised of interacting natural, socio-cultural and management systems. These three component systems of beach environments have usually been considered separately. It is argued that a focus on both the component systems of beach environments and interactions among these systems is necessary for improvements in the management, conservation and overall environmental quality of beaches. Interactions among natural, socio-cultural and management systems are specified in a simple model of beach environments. A brief review of our knowledge on these interactions indicates that fundamental information is lacking in Australia and the ramifications are potentially severe. The concept of beach environments provides an appropriate context for the collection of relevant information, the collaboration necessary between researchers and managers and a new setting for beach environmental management. Several opportunities are outlined for beach management. |
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