| 渤海海效应暴雪微物理过程的数值模拟 |
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| 引用本文： | 杨成芳,周雪松.渤海海效应暴雪微物理过程的数值模拟[J].中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版),2012(Z1):10-17. |
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| 作者姓名： | 杨成芳 周雪松 |
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| 作者单位： | 山东省气象台 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金项目(41175044);公益性行业(气象)科研专项(GYHY201106006);山东省气象局重点课题项目(2010sdqxz10)资助 |
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| 摘 要： | 采用RAMS4.4中尺度数值模拟结果,分析了2008年12月4～6日1次渤海海效应暴雪的微物理过程。结果表明:(1)在降雪初期,云中水物质包含云水、雨水、霰、冰晶和雪晶,及地水物质为雨水和霰。随着温度的降低,中后期仅存冰晶和雪晶,产生降雪。由于整个过程以降雪为主,降雨时间短暂,通常忽略降雨,称为降雪过程。(2)本次海效应暴雪的微物理过程表现在两方面:一是"播撒-反馈"机制,二是合适的冰相过程。这两种过程均有利于降雪增幅。(3)西风槽前产生的环境云和冷空气流经渤海暖海面时形成的海效应云之间在合并时发生"播撒-反馈"作用,前者是中云,后者是低云,前者从上层播撒冰晶和雪晶到下层,使得降雪增强。(4)微物理过程另一个有利因素是环境温度,本次强冷空气使得降水云中的温度在-10～-15℃之间,有利于树枝状冰晶的增长,从而产生强降雪。强降雪发生在强上升运动、高相对湿度和适宜的温度的叠置区域。
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| 关 键 词： | 渤海海效应暴雪 微物理 播撒-反馈 冰相 |
Numerical Study of Microphysical Processes of a Snowstorm Related to Ocean-Effect over the Bohai Sea |
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| YANG Cheng-Fang,ZHOU Xue-Song.Numerical Study of Microphysical Processes of a Snowstorm Related to Ocean-Effect over the Bohai Sea[J].Periodical of Ocean University of China,2012(Z1):10-17. |
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| Authors: | YANG Cheng-Fang ZHOU Xue-Song |
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| Institution: | (Shandong Meteorological Observatory,Jinan 250031,China) |
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| Abstract: | Microphysical Progresses of an ocean-effect snowstorm in Bohai occurred between 4th and 6th December,2008 is analyzed with the simulation data by RAMS4.4.The following show that Firstly,at beginning of the snowfall,there is cloud water,rainwater,graupel,ice crystals and snow crystals.Only rainwater and graupel can land.In the end of the snowfall,the others disappear except ice crystals and snow crystals.It is called snowfall because of the transient rainfall.Secondly,two kinds of microphysical processes occurred in the snowstorms including the "seeder-feeder" mechanism and suitable ice phase,both of which can be beneficial to increase the snowfall.Thirdly,the cloud in front of westerly trough and ocean-effect cloud in Bohai produce "seeder-feeder" when they merged.And the higher cloud seeds ice crystals and snow crystals to the lower ocean-effect cloud,which increased the intensity of snowfall.In the end,air temperature from-15℃ to-10℃ is favorable for dendritic Crystals growth.As a result,snowstorm would occur.Regions of the atmosphere where upward vertical motion coincides with favorable temperatures and high relative humidity values are strongly correlated wtih heavy snowfall. |
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| Keywords: | Bohai ocean-effect snowstorm microphysical progress seeder-feeder ice phase |
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