Reconstructing a lost Eocene paradise: Part I. Simulating the change in global floral distribution at the initial Eocene thermal maximum |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Geosciences, Boise State University, Boise, ID 83725, USA;2. Department of Biology and Burke Museum of Natural History and Culture, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA;3. Department of Organismal Biology and Anatomy, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA;4. Departamente de Paleontología de Vertebrados, Universidad Nacional de La Plata (CONICET), La Plata B1900FWA, Argentina;1. Komarov Botanical Institute, 2 Prof. Popova Street, 197376 St. Petersburg, Russia;2. Steinmann Institute, Bonn University, Nussallee 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany;3. Senckenberg Research Institute and Natural History Museum, Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre, Senckenberganlage 25, 60325 Frankfurt am Main, Germany;4. Heidelberg Academy of Sciences and Humanities, Research Center ‘The Role of Culture in Early Expansions of Humans’ at Senckenberg Research Institute, Senckenberganlage 25, Frankfurt am Main, Germany;5. Unité de Modélisation du Climat et des Cycles Biogéochimiques, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium;1. Dept. of Biology, Brandon University, 270-18th Street, Brandon, MB R7A 6A9, Canada;2. Dept. of Geological Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, 114 Science Place, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E2, Canada;1. ExxonMobil Exploration Co., 233 Benmar Drive, Houston, TX 77060, United States;2. ConocoPhillips, 600 N. Dairy Ashford Rd, Houston, TX 77079, United States;3. University of Idaho, Department of Geological Sciences, PO Box 443022, Moscow, ID 83844-3022, United States;1. BirbalSahni Institute of Palaeosciences, Lucknow 226007, India;2. Senckenberg Research Institute, Frankfurt am Main, Germany;3. Steinmann Institute, Bonn University, Nussallee 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany;4. 17-11-2C Metro City Nishat Ganj, Lucknow 226007, India;5. Department of Geological Science, Gauhati University, Guwahati, India;6. Institut für Geologie und Mineralogie, Schlossgarten, 91054, Erlangen, Germany |
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| Abstract: | This study utilizes the NCAR Land Surface Model (LSM1.2) integrated with dynamic global vegetation to recreate the early Paleogene global distribution of vegetation and to examine the response of the vegetation distribution to changes in climate at the Paleocene–Eocene boundary (～ 55 Ma). We run two simulations with Eocene geography driven by climatologies generated in two atmosphere global modeling experiments: one with atmospheric pCO2 at 560 ppm, and another at 1120 ppm. In both scenarios, the model produces the best match with fossil flora in the low latitudes. A comparison of model output from the two scenarios suggests that the greatest impact of climate on vegetation will occur in the high latitudes, in the Arctic Circle and in Antarctica. In these regions, greater accumulated summertime warmth in the 1120 ppm simulation allows temperate plant functional types to expand further poleward. Additionally, the high pCO2 scenario produces a greater abundance of trees over grass at these high latitudes. In the middle and low latitudes, the general distribution of plant functional types is similar in both pCO2 scenarios. Likely, a greater increment of greenhouse gases is necessary to produce the type of change evident in the mid-latitude paleobotanical record. Overall, differences between model output and fossil flora are greatest at high latitudes. |
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