How storm size matters for surge height |
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| Authors: | Peter Nielsen |
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| Institution: | Department of Civil Engineering, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, 4072, Australia |
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| Abstract: | The observed trend of peak storm surge ηmax increasing with storm size Rmax, roughly as ηmax ∞ Rmax0.22, particularly on gently sloping coasts, is discussed in relation to the simple 1D analytical solutions for forced long waves due to respectively surface pressure ps and wind stress τw. At constant depth h, the τw-driven surge is proportional to storm size while the ps-driven part is not. This could perhaps be seen to explain why the size-dependence is stronger on flatter slopes where the τw-driven surge dominates. However, this direct size dependence disappears in the sloping beach scenario if the typical depth is assumed proportional to storm size. The observed size dependence is then more likely due to a combination of two 2D effects: Firstly, the sideways radiation from a travelling surge which exceeds the “stationary height” Δp/ρg is relatively weaker for a wider system. Secondly, the wind stress field is a dipole, and the mutual cancellation of the two poles is weaker for larger systems. |
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