| 域市环境容载力及其计量方法初探 |
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| 引用本文： | 倪天麒,王伟.域市环境容载力及其计量方法初探[J].干旱区地理,2000(4). |
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| 作者姓名： | 倪天麒 王伟 |
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| 作者单位： | 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所!乌鲁本齐830011(倪天麒)，新疆科技情报所!乌鲁木齐830011(王伟) |
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| 基金项目： | 国家基金项目!（39970150）“绿洲城市环境咨载力及生态调控机理－以乌鲁木齐区域为例”成果之一 |
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| 摘 要： | 从环境容载力理论探讨入手，论述了环境容载力的概念、定义及其功能，特别是就环境容量与环境承载力的各自特征及其相互关系和彼此差异进行了详细分析。在理论研究的基础上，根据城市环境系统的特点，进一步论述其综合功能与作用。在提出城市环境系统有效规模概念的基础上，对环境系统要素的环境容量以及由环境资源与生物、人文构成的复合系统的承载力进行了计量方法上的探索性研究。
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| 关 键 词： | 环境容载力 城市环境系统 计量方法 |
PRELIMINARY STUDY ON URBAN ENVIRONMENTAL BEARING CAPACITY AND ITS MEASURING METHODS |
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| NI Tian-qi.PRELIMINARY STUDY ON URBAN ENVIRONMENTAL BEARING CAPACITY AND ITS MEASURING METHODS[J].Arid Land Geography,2000(4). |
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| Authors: | NI Tian-qi |
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| Abstract: | The concept of environmental bearing capacity capability is advanced on the base of integration between environmental capacity and carrying capability, it embodies the comprehensive structure, function and feature of environmental system. Urban environmental system is the most complicated one on the earth, it has many functions and actions such as service, restrict, safeguard, efficiency, adjust, convey and purify. Environmental capacity is the biggest allowed loading quantities of the pollution discharged by other systems and bear by essential elements of environmental system, it involves three aspects of environmental function district, quality and quality standard, and possesses three features of objectivity, relativity and capable of definition; environmental carrying capability is the biggest supported threshold value of the resources of environmental system could bear the regular running of the ecology and human system, it has objectivity, relativity, statistic and capable of adjustment. Environmental capacity reflects the natural property of environmental system, that is its inner endowment and specific characteristic, and emphasizes on the its quality measurement; Environmental carry ing capability highlights the synthetical function of environmental system, that is its outer sustaining ability to of ecology and human system, and stresses on the quantity estimation. The calculation of urban environmental capacity firstly must determine the effective scales of essential elements(atmosphere, water and land) of environmental system, and secondly choose the environmental quality standard; The measurement of city environmental carrying capability need to judge the total amounts of environmental resources on one hand, and to draft the human developmental standard on the other hand. The concrete method could be used have regression model and input-output model etc. |
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| Keywords: | environmental bearing capacity urban environmental system measuring method4 |
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