Locational specificities of fertility transition in Sri Lanka |
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| Authors: | Lakshman Yapa Padmasiri Siddhisena |
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| Institution: | (1) Department of Geography, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16801, USA;(2) Demography Training and Research Unit, University of Colombo, Colombo, Sri Lanka |
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| Abstract: | Sri Lanka has one of the lowest fertility rates among poor countries of the world. The fertility decline which began in the
1950s has held steady during the last four decades, despite low levels of economic development. Widespread use of contraception
is the primary cause of the fertility decline. However, there is no one single homogenous body of people that can be characterized
as a ‘modern’ contracepting population through which new methods of family planning have spatially diffused. There is evidence
that the overall fertility decline began even before the establishment of the modern family planning program in Sri Lanka.
Our analysis showed four broad regional regimes of fertility transition with considerable social and place-to-place differences
in method-specific rates of contraception among them. Non-modern ‘traditional techniques’ of contraception which are widely
used are an important part of fertility regulation. Sterilization is the most common method of modern contraception in all
regions. Less than a tenth of the protected couples use methods such as the pill and the IUD; moreover, these methods are
often discontinued after initial use. Traditional methods are an important part of the contraceptive mix in Sri Lanka, and
it would be inadvisable to discourage the use of such practices.
This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. |
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| Keywords: | contraception Demography and Health Survey family planning methods fertility transition regional analysis Sri Lanka |
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