Air-Sea Interaction over the Indian Ocean During the Two Contrasting Monsoon Years 1987 and 1988 Studied with Satellite Data |
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| Authors: | M R Ramesh Kumar P Schlüssel |
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| Institution: | National Institute of Oceanography Dona Paula, Goa, India, IN
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| Abstract: | Summary The air-sea interaction processes over the tropical Indian Ocean region are studied using sea surface temperature data from
the Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer sensor onboard the NOAA series of satellites. The columnar water-vapour content,
low-level atmospheric humidity, precipitation, wind speed, and back radiation from the Special Sensor Microwave Imager on
board the U.S. Defense Meteorological Satellite Program are all examined for two contrasting monsoon years, namely 1987 (deficit
rainfall) and 1988 (excess rainfall). From these parameters the longwave radiative net flux at the sea surface and the ocean-air
moisture flux are derived for further analysis of the air-sea interaction in the Arabian Sea, the Bay of Bengal, the south
China Sea and the southern Indian Ocean. An analysis of ten-day and monthly mean evaporation rates over the Arabian Sea and
Bay of Bengal shows that the evaporation was higher in these areas during the low rainfall year (1987) indicating little or
no influence of this parameter on the ensuing monsoon activity over the Indian subcontinent. On the other hand, the evaporation
in the southern Indian Ocean was higher during July and September 1988 when compared with the same months of 1987. The evaporation
rate over the south Indian Ocean and the low-level cross-equatorial moisture flux seem to play a major role on the ensuing
monsoon activity over India while the evaporation over the Arabian Sea is less important. Since we have only analysed one
deficit/ excess monsoon cycle the results presented here are of preliminary nature.
Received November 5, 1997 Revised March 20, 1998 |
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