Can flat-ramp-flat fault geometry be inferred from fold shape?: A comparison of kinematic and mechanical folds |
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| Authors: | Heather M Savage Michele L Cooke |
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| Institution: | Morrill Science Center, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 611 North Pleasant St., Amherst, MA 01003, USA |
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| Abstract: | The inference of fault geometry from suprajacent fold shape relies on consistent and verified forward models of fault-cored folds, e.g. suites of models with differing fault boundary conditions demonstrate the range of possible folding. Results of kinematic (fault-parallel flow) and mechanical (boundary element method) models are compared to ascertain differences in the way the two methods simulate flexure associated with slip along flat-ramp-flat geometry. These differences are assessed by systematically altering fault parameters in each model and observing subsequent changes in the suprajacent fold shapes. Differences between the kinematic and mechanical fault-fold relationships highlight the differences between the methods. Additionally, a laboratory fold is simulated to determine which method might best predict fault parameters from fold shape. Although kinematic folds do not fully capture the three-dimensional nature of geologic folds, mechanical models have non-unique fold-fault relationships. Predicting fault geometry from fold shape is best accomplished by a combination of the two methods. |
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| Keywords: | Fault-bend folding Mechanical models Kinematic models Fault geometry prediction |
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