Combination of GNSS and SLR observations using satellite co-locations |
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Authors: | Daniela Thaller Rolf Dach Manuela Seitz Gerhard Beutler Maria Mareyen Bernd Richter |
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Institution: | 1.Astronomical Institute,University of Bern,Bern,Switzerland;2.Deutsches Geod?tisches Forschungsinstitut (DGFI),Munich,Germany;3.Bundesamt für Kartographie und Geod?sie (BKG),Frankfurt a. Main,Germany |
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Abstract: | Satellite Laser Ranging (SLR) observations to Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) satellites may be used for several
purposes. On one hand, the range measurement may be used as an independent validation for satellite orbits derived solely
from GNSS microwave observations. On the other hand, both observation types may be analyzed together to generate a combined
orbit. The latter procedure implies that one common set of orbit parameters is estimated from GNSS and SLR data. We performed
such a combined processing of GNSS and SLR using the data of the year 2008. During this period, two GPS and four GLONASS satellites
could be used as satellite co-locations. We focus on the general procedure for this type of combined processing and the impact
on the terrestrial reference frame (including scale and geocenter), the GNSS satellite antenna offsets (SAO) and the SLR range
biases. We show that the combination using only satellite co-locations as connection between GNSS and SLR is possible and
allows the estimation of SLR station coordinates at the level of 1–2 cm. The SLR observations to GNSS satellites provide the
scale allowing the estimation of GNSS SAO without relying on the scale of any a priori terrestrial reference frame. We show
that the necessity to estimate SLR range biases does not prohibit the estimation of GNSS SAO. A good distribution of SLR observations
allows a common estimation of the two parameter types. The estimated corrections for the GNSS SAO are 119 mm and −13 mm on
average for the GPS and GLONASS satellites, respectively. The resulting SLR range biases suggest that it might be sufficient
to estimate one parameter per station representing a range bias common to all GNSS satellites. The estimated biases are in
the range of a few centimeters up to 5 cm. Scale differences of 0.9 ppb are seen between GNSS and SLR. |
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