Quantification of groundwater recharge in the city of Nottingham, UK |
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| Authors: | Y Yang D N Lerner M H Barrett J H Tellam |
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| Institution: | (1) Environmental Engineering Research Centre, Dept of Civil Engineering, Queen's University of Belfast, David Keir Building, Belfast BT7 1NN, UK, GB;(2) Groundwater Protection and Restoration Group, Dept. of Civil & Structural Engineering, University of Sheffield, Mappin Street, Sheffield S1 3JD, UK e-mail: d.n.lerner@sheffield.ac.uk, GB;(3) Robens Institute, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey, GU2 5XH, UK, GB;(4) School of Earth Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK, GB |
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| Abstract: | Groundwater is an important and valuable resource for water supply to cities. In order to make full and wise use of the asset
value, a clear understanding of the quantities and sources of urban groundwater recharge is needed. The water supply and disposal
network is often an important source of recharge to urban groundwater through leakage from water mains and sewers. An approach
to establishing the spatial and temporal amounts of the three urban recharge sources (precipitation, mains and sewers) is
developed and illustrated using the Nottingham (UK) urban aquifer. A calibrated groundwater flow model is supplemented by
calibrated solute balances for three conservative species (Cl, SO4 and total N), thus providing four lines of evidence to use in the recharge estimation. Nottingham is located on a Triassic
sandstone aquifer with average precipitation of 700 mm/year. Using the models, current urban recharge is estimated to be 211
mm/year, of which 138 mm/year (±40%) is from mains leakage and 10 mm/year (±100%) is from sewer leakage. The wide confidence
intervals result from the scarcity of historical field data and the long turnover time in this high volume aquifer, and should
be significantly lower for many other aquifer systems.
Received: 1 December 1997 · Accepted: 14 September 1998 |
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| Keywords: | Solute balance Urbanisation Sewer and water supply leakage Groundwater modelling Triassic sandstone |
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