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The GLE-associated flare of 21 August, 1979 |
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| Authors: | E W Cliver S W Kahler H V Cane M J Koomen D J Michels R A Howard N R Sheeley Jr |
| Institution: | 1. Air Force Geophysics Laboratory, 01731, Hanscom AFB, MA, USA 2. American Science and Engineering, Inc., 02139, Cambridge, MA, USA 4. NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center, 20771, Greenbelt, MD, USA 6. E. O. Hulburt Center for Space Research, Naval Research Laboratory, 20375, Washington, DC, USA |
| Abstract: | We use a variety of ground-based and satellite measurements to identify the source of the ground level event (GLE) beginning near 06∶30 UT on 21 August, 1979 as the 2B flare with maximum at ～06∶15 UT in McMath region 16218. This flare differed from previous GLE-associated flares in that it lacked a prominent impulsive phase, having a peak ～9 GHz burst flux density of only 27 sfu and a ?20 keV peak hard X-ray flux of ?3 × 10-6 ergs cm-2s-1. Also, McMath 16218 was magnetically less complex than the active regions in which previous cosmic-ray flares have occurred, containing essentially only a single sunspot with a rudimentary penumbra. The flare was associated with a high speed (?700 km s-1) mass ejection observed by the NRL white light coronagraph aboard P78-1 and a shock accelerated (SA) event observed by the low frequency radio astronomy experiment on ISEE-3. |
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