| 新疆主要尾闾湖演变的构造环境 |
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| 引用本文： | 穆桂金,包安民,郝杰.新疆主要尾闾湖演变的构造环境[J].干旱区地理,2001,24(3):193-200. |
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| 作者姓名： | 穆桂金 包安民 郝杰 |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 中国科学院新疆生态与地理所,乌鲁木齐,830011
2. 中国科学院地质与地球物理所,北京,100029 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家重点基础研究发展规划项目 (G19990 435 0 2 )成果 |
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| 摘 要： | 亚洲中部大地构造格局及地貌轮廓均以山盆体系为特征，所有封闭性盆地中都发育有尾闾湖。晚第三纪以来印度大陆与欧亚大陆强烈碰撞和右旋挤压，将板内构造激活并以冲断、走滑方式将早第三纪晚期准平原化的大部分山地和相关地段再次抬升，形成了现代亚洲中部的山盆体系，同时导致了湖盆的形成演化和湖泊的变迁。湖盆演化包括湖盆联合、分解、迁移和变形等。湖泊不仅随湖盆的构造演化而变迁，而且构造对水系的调控也直接影响湖泊的物理、化学、水文和生态特性。亚洲中部尾闾湖在新构造作用下的演变具有区域同步性和地域差异性。许多尾闾湖，如艾丁湖、艾比湖、玛纳斯湖等都明显受活动构造的影响。
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| 关 键 词： | 尾闾湖 湖泊演变 构造环境 新疆 大地构造 区域地质构造 山盆体系 |
| 文章编号： | 1000-6060(2001)03-193-08 |
| 修稿时间： | 2001年4月9日 |
Geotectonic Environment of the Tail-end-lakes Evolution, Xinjiang, China |
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| MU Gui-jin,BAO An-min.Geotectonic Environment of the Tail-end-lakes Evolution, Xinjiang, China[J].Arid Land Geography,2001,24(3):193-200. |
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| Authors: | MU Gui-jin BAO An-min |
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| Abstract: | The outline of geotectonic and geomorphology of the Central Asia is characterized by range and basin complex. All the closed basins develop tail-end-lake (or lakes). After later Tertiary, strong collision between the India Plate and the Euro-Asia Plate, and powerful pressing northeast-ward in right-turn activated the inner-plate structures, re-lifted the mountains which had been deflated into peneplain, formed range and basin complex, and resulted in evolution of lacustrine basins and migration of the lakes. The evolution of the lacustrine basins includes combination, disaggregation, migration and deformation. There were at least 3 great lakes spreading from the west to the east of the North Tarim Basin during Miocene, including Lake Anjuyan, Lake Awaty and Lake Luntai. Later the lakes migrated eastward, and some of them were disaggregated. Lake Anjuyan became salt lake soon in Miocene, and Lake Awaty went into splentour period. Lake Luntai migrated eastward, and separated out a new lake, Lake Alagan, at the end of Miocene. Lop Nur depression was formed after the evolution of Lake Alagan in early Pleistocene along with the formation of Tarim River. The last period of the Lop Nur vicissitude was directly related to the migration of lower reaches of Kongqi River, and has not been excluded the result of active tectonic movement. Manas Lake should exist before Pleistocene, and was the conflux center of the basin. The conflux center disaggregated apart during early Pleistocene. Evidences show that Ertis River and Ulungur River once flowed into the center. Hutubi River and the rivers originated from the northern Tianshan on the west also flowed into the center. In about early time of middle Pleistocene Ertis River and Ulungur River were divorced from the center toward the west one after another in result of uplift faulting. The west part of the center subsided down in result of thrust and strike-slip movement of Dalabute Fault, the water body migrated westward, and lacustrine terraces were formed. Aidin Lake and Aiby Lake are 2 typical young lakes are affected by Boleholuo Strike-slip Fault. The lacustrine basins are typical transverse basins, migrate directionally along with right-turn movement of the fault. Aidin lake keeps subsiding into the second low-land of the world, and Aiby lake becomes the lowest place of Jungar Basin. Lakes are not only migrating along with the tectonic evolution of the lacustrine basin, but also diversifying with the properties of physics, chemistry, hydrology and ecology directly in result of influence of tectonic movement on the water-discharging system. The evolvements of the tail-end lakes of Central Asia under the neotectonic movement are provided with regional synchronization and sectional otherness. Most of them, Aidin, Aiby and Manas, for instance, are distinctly influenced by active tectonic movement. |
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| Keywords: | Tail-end lake Evolvement of lakes Tectonic Environment Xinjiang |
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