| 张掖国家湿地公园越冬水鸟的警戒距离分析 |
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| 引用本文： | 杨爱芳,刘钊,吴银环,张勐,戢爽,梁向平,许智玮,李敏乾,谢宗平,谢惠春.张掖国家湿地公园越冬水鸟的警戒距离分析[J].湿地科学与管理,2021(1):4-8. |
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| 作者姓名： | 杨爱芳 刘钊 吴银环 张勐 戢爽 梁向平 许智玮 李敏乾 谢宗平 谢惠春 |
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| 作者单位： | ;1.青海师范大学生命科学学院青海省青藏高原药用动植物资源重点实验室;2.河西学院生命科学与工程学院 |
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| 摘 要： | 2019年11月9日—2020年1月20日在甘肃省张掖国家湿地公园4个湖域采取目标动物取样法,观察并记录了不同湖域越冬水鸟的警戒行为和游客人数,分析了水鸟对人为干扰响应的个体差异及其影响因素。本研究共调查到水鸟15种,隶属于5目5科11属。结果表明:不同湖域越冬水鸟的种类和数量呈极显著差异(P<0.01),其中鸳鸯湖和润泽湖的水鸟种类和数量较多(P<0.01),人工湖和如意湖的水鸟种类和数量较少(P<0.01);水鸟的反应距离、耐受距离在不同水域间呈极显著差异(P<0.01),惊飞距离在不同水域间无显著差异(P>0.05)。游客人数与水鸟警戒距离呈显著负相关(P<0.05),但与耐受距离和惊飞距离无显著相关性(P>0.05)。单因素方差分析结果表明,不同水鸟的反应距离、耐受距离和惊飞距离均存在极显著的种间差异性(P<0.01),其中渔鸥的反应距离最大,小??的反应距离最小(P<0.05);绿头鸭的耐受距离最大,凤头??的耐受距离最小(P<0.05);苍鹭的惊飞距离最大,绿头鸭的惊飞距离最小(P<0.05)。相关性分析结果表明,惊飞距离与水鸟的体长呈极显著正相关(P<0.05),与耐受距离无显著相关性(P>0.05)。
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| 关 键 词： | 张掖国家湿地公园 越冬水鸟 警戒行为 警戒距离 |
Analysis of Vigilance Distance of Wintering Waterbirds in Zhangye National Wetland Park |
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| YANG Ai-fang,LIU Zhao,WU Yin-huan,ZHANG Meng,JI Shuang,LI ANG Xiang-ping,XU Zhi-wei,LI Min-qian,XIE Zong-ping,XIE Hui-chun.Analysis of Vigilance Distance of Wintering Waterbirds in Zhangye National Wetland Park[J].Wetland Science & Management,2021(1):4-8. |
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| Authors: | YANG Ai-fang LIU Zhao WU Yin-huan ZHANG Meng JI Shuang LI ANG Xiang-ping XU Zhi-wei LI Min-qian XIE Zong-ping XIE Hui-chun |
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| Institution: | (Key Laboratory of Medicinal Animal and Plant Resources of Qinghai Tibetan Plateau in Qinghai Province,School of Life Science,Qinghai Normal University,Xining 810008,Qinghai,China;School of Life Sciences and Engineering,Hexi University,Zhangye 734000,Gansu,China) |
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| Abstract: | From November 17,2019 to January 20,2020,we studied the vigilance behaviors of wintering waterbirds using focal animal sampling method and found that the influential factors leading to differences among individuals in vigilance behaviors of waterbirds in Zhangye national wetland park in Gansu province,China.A total of 15 species of waterbirds belong to 5 genera,5 families,and 11 orders were investigated.We found that there were significant difference in numbers and diversity of waterbirds among different lake areas(P<0.01).The diversities of waterbirds in Yuangyang lake and Runze lake were more than those in Rengong lake and Ruyi lake(P<0.01).The response distance and tolerance distance of waterbirds were significantly different in different water areas(P<0.01),however,the startle distance showed no significant difference(P<0.05).The correlation analysis showed that the number of visitors was negatively correlated with the waterbirds’vigilance distance(P<0.05),but not with tolerance distance and startle distance(P>0.05).According to one-way ANOVA,the vigilance distance of waterbirds presented significant interspecific difference(P<0.01).The response distance of Larus ichthyaetus was the largest,and that of Tachybaptus ruficollis was the smallest(P<0.05);the tolerance distance of Anas platyrhynchos was the largest,and that of Podiceps cristatus was the smallest(P<0.05);the startle distance of Ardea cinerea was the largest,and that of Anas platyrhynchos was the smallest(P<0.05).The correlation analysis showed that body length of waterbirds had extremely significant positive correlation with the startle distance,and no significant correlation with the tolerance distance. |
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| Keywords: | Zhangye National Wetland Park Wintering waterbirds Vigilance behavior Vigilance distance |
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