| 火山活动与气候变化研究进展 |
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| 引用本文： | 郭正府,刘嘉麒.火山活动与气候变化研究进展[J].地球科学进展,2002,17(4):595-604. |
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| 作者姓名： | 郭正府 刘嘉麒 |
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| 作者单位： | 中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所,北京,100029 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金项目“辽西及邻区中生代火山喷发对热河生物群集群死亡的影响”(编号 :49972 0 3 0 )资助 |
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| 摘 要： | 综述了火山活动对气候影响的研究进展。不同岩浆成分及喷发类型的火山活动对气候的影响不同：中酸性普林尼（Pl inian）式火山喷发主要造成气候变冷和臭氧层破坏，它导致气候变化的时间较短，但空间范围较大；大火成岩省造成气候变化的时空范围及程度均较大，它能够导致地表温度、海平面大幅度变化，最终引起生物灭绝；中小规模玄武质裂隙式喷发主要造成火山盆地内气候较大幅度变化，但对气候影响的持续时间较短，主要气候效应是导致附近地区温度快速下降和形成酸雨。简要阐述了第四纪火山活动的特点。
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| 关 键 词： | 火山活动 大火成岩省 火山灰 生物灭绝 气候变化 臭氧层 |
| 文章编号： | 1001-8166(2002)04-0595-10 |
| 收稿时间： | 2001-11-12 |
| 修稿时间： | 2002-02-02 |
RESEARCH ADVANCE IN EFFECT OF VOLCANISM ON CLIMATE CHANGES |
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| GUO Zheng fu,LIU Jia qi.RESEARCH ADVANCE IN EFFECT OF VOLCANISM ON CLIMATE CHANGES[J].Advance in Earth Sciences,2002,17(4):595-604. |
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| Authors: | GUO Zheng fu LIU Jia qi |
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| Institution: | Institute of Geology and Geophysics，Chinese Academy of Sciences，Beijing 100029，China |
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| Abstract: | The effect of three kinds of the volcanic eruptions on paleoclimate changes in China has been reviewed . The three kinds of eruptions include Late Permian Emeishan basalt recognized as large igneous provinces (LIPs), mantle plume related Tertiary intermediate fissure basaltic lavas located in Longgang, Jinpohu, Wudalianchi in northeast China and Sanwang in Shandong Province of east China and the plate subduction and continental collision related intermediate acidic Quaternary volcanic eruptions distributed in Changbai Mountain, Jilin Province, northeast China. The composition of historic eruption of Changbai Mountain volcano consists of comendite and rhyolite, the age of which is 1199/1120 AD according to the historic records. The ash layer of this eruption has also been found in the Japanese Sea. Except this eruption, there are at least 4 times of eruptions in the historic times, it occurred at around 5000 aBP, 4000 aBP, 1668 AD and 1702 AD. This paper reviews the advance of effect of volcanism on the climate changes. The volcanic eruptions with different composition magmas and different eruptive types have the different effect on the climate and environment changes. The explosive eruptions of intermediate acidic Plinian types could cause severe ozone depletion and the decline surface temperatures over semi sphere even sphere; however, duration of the climatic effect of the volcanic activities is short. Large igneous provinces (LIPs) have a substantial influence on global climate in long time. It may lead to the remarkable changes of the surface temperature and sea level,marine anoxia and mass extinction. Effects of intermediate small magnitude of basalt fissure eruptions on climate changes are confined to the neighboring area of the cones. The SO 2 rich lavas mainly could result in the surface temperature decrease and acid rains. |
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| Keywords: | Large igneous provinces (LIPs) Volcanic ash Mass extinction Climate changes Ozone layer |
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