Groundwater resources use and management in the Amu Darya River Basin (Central Asia) |
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| Authors: | Shavkat Rakhmatullaev Frédéric Huneau Jusipbek Kazbekov Philippe Le Coustumer Jamoljon Jumanov Bouchra El Oifi Mikael Motelica-Heino Zbynek Hrkal |
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| Institution: | 1.Tashkent Institute of Irrigation and Melioration (TIIM),Tashkent,Uzbekistan;2.GHYMAC Géosciences Hydrosciences, Faculty of Earth Sciences,University of Bordeaux-1,Talence,France;3.International Water Management Institute (IWMI),Tashkent,Uzbekistan;4.Institute of Hydrogeology and Engineering Geology (HYDROENGEO),Tashkent,Uzbekistan;5.Institute of Earth Sciences (ISTO),University of Orléans,Orléans Cedex 2,France;6.Institute of Hydrogeology Engineering Geology and Applied Geophysics,Charles University,Prague,Czech Republic |
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| Abstract: | This paper analyses groundwater resources use and management in the socio-economic context of the Amu Darya River Basin which
covers a part of the following landlocked Central Asian countries: Afghanistan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan. These
agrarian nations for sustaining their vital agricultural productions started to use groundwater during the recent drought
years (1998–2001) because of its relatively good quality and quantity and as an alternative to highly mineralized surface
waters. Present extent of groundwater resources use is discussed with consideration to their reserves, quality, and institutional
management and transboundary aspects within the basin. After the collapse of the centralized water resources management system
and infrastructure of the former Soviet Union, new underdeveloped systems are being practiced over the whole Amu Darya River
Basin. The critical situation of groundwater management in Afghanistan is also discussed. This work attempts to document the
management and use of groundwater in the Amu Darya Basin and present time management realities, with fragmented and weak national
and regional regulation on groundwater. Special attention is given to groundwater resources in irrigated agriculture, which
increased use in all countries of the basin is due to quick access to underground resources and relatively good quality and
quantity. |
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