Finite-element simulations of the 28 december 1908 Messina Straits (Southern Italy) tsunami |
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| Institution: | 1. Technical University of Crete, Department of Environmental Engineering, University Campus, 73100 Chania, Greece;2. TEI — Athens, Department of Civil Infrastructure Engineering, Agiou Spyridonos, 12210 Aigaleo, Greece;3. University of Patras, Department of Environmental and Natural Resources Management, 26504 Rio Patras, Greece;1. School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney Australia;2. Karitane, Sydney Australia;3. The Mater Hospital, Sydney;4. Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists;5. Gidget Foundation Australia;6. Australasian Birth Trauma Association;7. University of Sydney, Sydney Australia |
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| Abstract: | The earthquake we are dealing with occurred on December 28, 1908: because of the number of victims (about 60,000) and the extension of the destroyed area (6,000 km2), this earthquake with the epicentral MCS intensity XI may be considered the strongest event ever reported for Italy along with the 1693 eastern Sicily earthquake. The shock produced a large tsunami that caused severe damage and many victims. In all places the first sea movement was a withdrawal for a few minutes, followed by a flooding of the coast with at least three big waves. A post-event survey allowed to estimate flooding and run-up heights (more than 10 m in some places). In this work we perform some numerical simulations of the tsunami generation and propagation, taking into account different source faults: the model is based on the shallow water equations, solved numerically by means of a finiteelement method. The computational domain, covered by a mesh consisting of triangular elements, includes the Messina Straits and the sea facing the northeastern coast of Sicily and southern Calabria. |
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