| 小浪底水库关键水体环境要素的时空变化特征及其影响因素 |
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| 引用本文： | 黄新莹,姚鹏,宋国栋,王春禹,吴丹,杨建斌,陈霖,刘素美.小浪底水库关键水体环境要素的时空变化特征及其影响因素[J].中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版),2020,50(4):111-120. |
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| 作者姓名： | 黄新莹 姚鹏 宋国栋 王春禹 吴丹 杨建斌 陈霖 刘素美 |
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| 作者单位： | 中国海洋大学海洋化学理论与工程技术教育部重点实验室,山东青岛266100;中国海洋大学海洋化学理论与工程技术教育部重点实验室,山东青岛266100;青岛海洋科学与技术试点国家实验室海洋生态与环境科学功能实验室,山东青岛266237 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家重点基础研究发展计划项目(2016YFA0600902)资助。 |
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| 摘 要： | 基于2017年6和12月、2018年5和9月在黄河小浪底水库开展的4次水体环境的综合观测,获得了悬浮颗粒物含量(SPM)、水温、溶解氧(DO)、pH和叶绿素a含量等数据,研究了不同季节和不同运作方式下黄河小浪底水库关键水体环境要素的分布特征及其影响因素。水库放水时期(2017年6月和2018年5月)和洪水调控期(2018年9月),随距坝距离越近,SPM含量逐渐降低,但在蓄水末期(2017年12月),库区水体SPM整体分布均匀,洪水调控期入库水体含沙量较高,最大达到了7894.7 mg/L。水库放水时期存在热分层现象,表底层温差最大达到了12.4℃,而在蓄水时期和洪水调控期水温分布较为均匀,平均温度分别为12.5和26.8℃。2017年6月库区水体DO平均为6.36 mg/L,层化现象较显著,表底层最大相差8.01 mg/L,其余时间DO整体上分布较均匀,无明显层化现象,平均分别为7.56、8.10和6.13 mg/L。库区水体pH只在2017年6月存在明显的全库区分层现象,平均为8.38,表底最大相差0.85;2018年5和9月坝前区域pH较高,并存在从表至底逐渐降低的现象;2017年12月蓄水末期则整体分布较均匀,在放水期和洪水调控期,库区水体叶绿素a含量整体上表层较高,从表至底逐渐降低,2018年9月叶绿素a含量较高,最大达到了10.50μg/L,而在蓄水末期,叶绿素a含量偏低且分布较均匀,平均含量仅为0.70μg/L。上述结果表明,受气温、上游来水、水库调控和生物过程等的多重影响下,小浪底水库内各种环境因子时空变化剧烈,是研究气候变化和人类活动对河流物质输运影响的良好载体。
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| 关 键 词： | 小浪底水库 水体环境要素 时空分布 气候变化 水库调控 |
Controls on Spatial-Temporal Variation of HydrologicalFeatures in the Xiaolangdi Reservoir |
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| HUANG Xin-Ying,YAO Peng,SONG Guo-Dong,WANG Chun-Yu,WU Dan,YANG Jian-Bin,CHEN Lin,LIU Su-Mei.Controls on Spatial-Temporal Variation of HydrologicalFeatures in the Xiaolangdi Reservoir[J].Periodical of Ocean University of China,2020,50(4):111-120. |
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| Authors: | HUANG Xin-Ying YAO Peng SONG Guo-Dong WANG Chun-Yu WU Dan YANG Jian-Bin CHEN Lin LIU Su-Mei |
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| Institution: | (The Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology,Ministry of Education,Ocean University of China,Qingdao 266100,China;Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science,Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology(Qingdao),Qingdao 266237,China) |
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| Abstract: | Suspended particulate matter(SPM)contents,temperature,dissolved oxygen(DO),pH and chlorophyll-a in water column of the Xiaolangdi Reservoir(XLDR)in the Yellow River from four field investigations conducted in June 2017,December 2017,May 2018 and September 2018 were analyzed to study the controls on spatial-temporal variation of hydrological features in the XLDR in different seasons and different operating modes.During the draining period(June 2017 and May 2018)and flood regulation period(September 2018),the SPM contents gradually decreased from the upper section of the XLDR to the region near the dam,but at the end of the impoundment period(December 2017),the overall distribution of SPM in the reservoir was homogeneous.In September 2018,the SPM contents in the reservoir were relatively high,reaching a maximum of 7894.7 mg/L,while in other periods the values were less than 10 or only a few dozens.Thermal stratification was observed in the reservoir during the draining period,and the maximum temperature difference between the surface and the bottom of the reservoir was 12.4℃.While during the impoundment and the flood regulation periods the distributions of water temperature were relatively homogeneous,with average temperatures of 12.5 and 26.8℃,respectively.In June 2017,the average DO content in the reservoir was 6.36 mg/L,and the stratification phenomenon was significant.Surface DO was higher relative to bottom;the minimum DO was only 4 mg/L in the bottom and the maximum difference was 8.01 mg/L.The distributions of DO were relatively homogeneous with no obvious stratification during other periods,and the average values were 7.56(December 2017),8.10(May 2018)and 6.13 mg/L(September 2018),respectively.Stratification of pH in the whole reservoir was only observed in June 2017,and the difference between the surface and the bottom was 0.85(with an average of 8.38).The pH values were higher near the dam than those in other regions of the XLDR in May and September 2018 with decreasing trends from the surface to the bottom,whereas in December 2017 the pH was evenly distributed.During the draining and flood regulation periods,the chlorophyll-a contents were generally higher in the surface than those in the bottom and gradually decreased with depth.In September 2018,the chlorophyll-a content reached a maximum of 10.5μg/L.While in December 2017 the chlorophyll-a contents were low with an average of 0.70μg/L,and the distribution was relatively even.The distributions of chlorophyll-a indicated that the phytoplankton biomass was characterized by significant seasonal variation. |
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| Keywords: | Xiaolangdi Reservoir hydrological features spatial-temporal variation climate change reservoir regulation |
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