Thermal maturity,source rock potential and kinetics of hydrocarbon generation in Permian shales from the Damodar Valley basin,Eastern India |
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| Institution: | 1. Oklahoma Geological Survey, 100 E. Boyd St., Rm. N-131, Norman, OK 73019-0628, USA;2. Minerals End Inc., The Woodlands, TX 77381, USA;3. University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73019-0628, USA;1. Coal Geology and Organic Petrology Lab., Dept. of Applied Geology, Indian Institute of Technology (Indian School of Mines), Dhanbad 826004, India;2. Department of Mining Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (Indian School of Mines), Dhanbad 826004, India;3. Central Institute of Mining and Fuel Research, Dhanbad 826001, India;4. Birbal Sahni Institute of Palaeosciences, 53, University Road, Lucknow 226007, India;1. Coal Geology and Organic Petrology Lab., Department of Applied Geology, Indian Institute of Technology (Indian School of Mines), Dhanbad 826004, India;2. Coal Petrology Section, Resource Quality Assessment Division, CSIR-Central Institute of Mining and Fuel Research, Digwadih Campus, Dhanbad, India |
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| Abstract: | This study investigates the source rock characteristics of Permian shales from the Jharia sub-basin of Damodar Valley in Eastern India. Borehole shales from the Raniganj, Barren Measure and Barakar Formations were subjected to bulk and quantitative pyrolysis, carbon isotope measurements, mineral identification and organic petrography. The results obtained were used to predict the abundance, source and maturity of kerogen, along with kinetic parameters for its thermal breakdown into simpler hydrocarbons.The shales are characterized by a high TOC (>3.4%), mature to post-mature, heterogeneous Type II–III kerogen. Raniganj and Barren Measure shales are in mature, late oil generation stage (Rr%Raniganj = 0.99–1.22; Rr%Barren Measure = 1.1–1.41). Vitrinite is the dominant maceral in these shales. Barakar shows a post-mature kerogen in gas generation stage (Rr%Barakar = 1.11–2.0) and consist mainly of inertinite and vitrinite. The δ13Corg value of kerogen concentrate from Barren Measure shale indicates a lacustrine/marine origin (−24.6–−30.84‰ vs. VPDB) and that of Raniganj and Barakar (−22.72–−25.03‰ vs. VPDB) show the organic provenance to be continental. The δ13C ratio of thermo-labile hydrocarbons (C1–C3) in Barren Measure suggests a thermogenic source.Discrete bulk kinetic parameters indicate that Raniganj has lower activation energies (ΔE = 42–62 kcal/mol) compared to Barren Measure and Barakar (ΔE = 44–68 kcal/mol). Temperature for onset (10%), middle (50%) and end (90%) of kerogen transformation is least for Raniganj, followed by Barren Measure and Barakar. Mineral content is dominated by quartz (42–63%), siderite (9–15%) and clay (14–29%). Permian shales, in particular the Barren Measure, as inferred from the results of our study, demonstrate excellent properties of a potential shale gas system. |
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| Keywords: | Permian shales Raniganj Formation Barren Measure Formation Barakar Formation Source rock Geochemistry |
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