| 基于GPS数据的自驾车游客时空行为研究——以西藏为例 |
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| 引用本文： | 刘艳平,保继刚,黄应淮,张子昂.基于GPS数据的自驾车游客时空行为研究——以西藏为例[J].世界地理研究,2019,28(1):149-160. |
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| 作者姓名： | 刘艳平 保继刚 黄应淮 张子昂 |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 中山大学地理科学与规划学院
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| 基金项目： | 国家旅游局“万名旅游英才计划”项目 |
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| 摘 要： | 在出行与游玩日益模糊化的背景下，利用GPS轨迹挖掘自驾车游客在大尺度范围内移动的空间行为特征和时间制约因素，对于规划设计旅游路线及旅游产品具有重要意义。本文选取自驾车旅游热点区域--西藏自治区，通过Python挖掘六只脚平台6748条“脚印”数据以及924 条轨迹信息，结合OSM路网数据以及旅游景点POI数据，以季节强度指数、多环缓冲区、核密度等方法探讨自驾车游客的时空行为特征。研究发现：（1）游客兴趣点主要沿西藏南部交通路网分布，国道周边的自然景观对自驾车游客具有明显吸引力；（2）游客兴趣点数随着与景点距离的增加呈现出幂函数式递减，自驾车游客围绕旅游景点存在一定的空间聚集。但游客兴趣点与景点的空间距离较大，沿途景观成为游客重点关注的旅游吸引物；（3）在年内，受西藏季节气候和自然环境的影响，游客出行以夏秋季节为主，主要分布在商业相对发达且旅游业态较多的拉萨和林芝市区。不同季节的自驾车速度存在显著差异，速度高低关系为秋季>夏季>春、冬季；（4）在日内，在进食、睡眠等生理节律及娱乐需求的约束下，游客会在停车场、服务站、景色优美的路段、景点等地方停留游憩，旅游活动的整体节奏是移动和静止的结合，且大部分时间处于移动状态。
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| 收稿时间： | 2018-06-14 |
| 修稿时间： | 2018-09-02 |
Study on Spatio-temporal Behaviors of Self-driving Tourists Based on GPS Data: A Case Study of Tibet |
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| Abstract: | Under the background of increasingly blurred travelling and sightseeing, using GPS trajectory data to explore the spatial behaviors and temporal constraints of self-driving tourists in a large scale is of great significance for planning and designing tourist routes and tourism products. Taking the self-driving tourist hotspot - Tibet Autonomous Region as the study area, this paper collected 6748 footprints and 924 trajectories from Six Feet platform through Python, road data from Open Street Map (OSM), 540 Points of Interest (POI) from Baidu map. Methods like seasonal strength index, multi-ring buffer and kernel density were used to perform analysis on the spatio-temporal behaviors of self-driving tourists. Results show that: (1) tourists are mainly distributed along the traffic network in southern Tibet. The natural landscape around the national road has obvious appeal to self-driving tourists; (2) the number of tourists decrease in a power-function way as the distance from scenic spots increases, revealing that some tourists gather around the scenic spots. However, their distance is relatively large, and the landscape along the way has become an important tourist attraction; (3) during the year, influenced by the seasonal climate and natural environment, tourists travel mainly in summer and autumn around the developed cities, such as Lhasa and Linzhi. There are significant differences in driving speed in different seasons, and the relationship is autumn>summer>spring and winter; (4) during the day, under the constraints of eating, sleeping and other circadian rhythms and entertainment needs, tourists will stay at parking lots, service stations, roads with beautiful scenery and famous attractions. The overall rhythm of the tourism activities is a combination of moving and staying, and moving occupies most of the time. |
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