| 中国社会升级的测度与时空格局及驱动机制 |
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| 引用本文： | 黄耿志,周进.中国社会升级的测度与时空格局及驱动机制[J].地理学报,2021,76(12):3043-3060. |
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| 作者姓名： | 黄耿志 周进 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.中山大学地理科学与规划学院,广州 5102752.南方海洋科学与工程广东省实验室（珠海）,珠海 5190823.广东省科学院广州地理研究所,广州 510070 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金项目(42122007);国家自然科学基金项目(41930646);广东省科学院建设国内一流研究机构行动专项资金项目(2019GDASYL-0104004);广州市科技计划项目(202102020272) |
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| 摘 要： | 社会升级是指提高劳动者就业质量并保障和改善其作为社会参与者的基本权利的过程,是近年来国际经济地理研究出现的一个新兴方向。针对国内地理学聚焦于经济升级、缺乏关注社会升级的研究现状,构建了测度社会升级的综合指标体系,采用空间分析方法和数量模型揭示了20世纪90年代中期以来中国社会升级的时空格局、区域差异及驱动因素。研究发现：① 1996—2017年中国社会升级指数从0.358增长至0.445;② 东部地区是社会升级的主要区域,其中又以京津冀、长三角、珠三角等三大城市群为核心升级区;③ 社会升级在全国整体和地区尺度的区域差异有所缩小,省际发展分化速率得到一定缓解,中西部省份逐步追赶东部省份,重庆的发展引人注目,但东部沿海仍是带动中国社会升级的主导区;④ 经济发展、产业创新、经济全球化、劳动力技能和政府治理等因素共同影响了区域社会升级,反映了社会升级受全球和地方因素综合影响的过程。研究认为,经济增长快速并非一定带来社会升级,促进社会升级需要提升经济发展的质量。本文为在宏观层面分析社会升级提供了量化方法,对促进认识社会升级的发生机制及其与经济升级、经济全球化的关系起到补充作用。最后提出了促进中国经济和社会“双升级”的建议以及未来研究启示。
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| 关 键 词： | 社会升级 经济升级 就业质量 区域差异 高质量发展 |
| 收稿时间： | 2020-11-08 |
| 修稿时间： | 2021-04-29 |
Measurement,spatiotemporal pattern and driving mechanism of social upgrading in China |
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| HUANG Gengzhi,ZHOU Jin.Measurement,spatiotemporal pattern and driving mechanism of social upgrading in China[J].Acta Geographica Sinica,2021,76(12):3043-3060. |
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| Authors: | HUANG Gengzhi ZHOU Jin |
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| Institution: | 1. School of Geography and Planning, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China2. Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Zhuhai 519082, Guangdong, China3. Guangzhou Institute of Geography, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510070, China |
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| Abstract: | Social upgrading refers to the process of improvement in the quality of employment and securing basic rights of workers as social actors. It is an emerging hot research field of labour geographies in recent years. However, domestic human geography research has been mainly focused on economic upgrading with little attention paid to social upgrading. This paper fills the research gap by establishing a comprehensive index to quantitatively measure social upgrading and revealing the spatiotemporal pattern and driving factors of social upgrading in China since the mid-1990s, using spatial analysis methods and quantitative models. Main findings of the paper include: (1) Social upgrading in China was improved, with its social upgrading index increasing from 0.358 to 0.445 during 1996-2017. (2) The eastern coastal area is the main upgrading area, especially the three urban agglomerations of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region, Yangtze River Delta and Peral River Delta. (3) Regional differences of social upgrading among the eastern, central and western regions were narrowed and the differentiation of development rates was alleviated. The central and western regions have been catching up with their eastern partner, despite that the coastal provinces will continue to be the leading areas for social upgrading in China. (4) Factors, including economic development, industrial innovation, economic globalization, labor skill level and state governance, have significant effects in driving regional social upgrading. The effects of these factors are not simply positive or negative in terms of their relationship with social upgrading, suggesting the complexity of social upgrading processes and global-local impacts on it. It is argued that economic growth does not necessarily bring about social upgrading. Rather, promoting social upgrading depends on the improvement in the quality of economic development. The paper contributes to the literature by providing a quantitative framework for analyzing social upgrading at the macro-level and advancing the understanding of geographical differences and driving mechanisms of social upgrading. The paper concludes by proposing some policies for promoting social upgrading and high-quality development in China and discussing its implications for future research. |
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| Keywords: | social upgrading economic upgrading employment quality regional differences high-quality development |
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