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| 中国城市空气污染时空分布格局和人口暴露风险 | |
| 引用本文： | 肖嘉玉,何超,慕航,杨璐,黄佳伊,辛艾萱,涂佩玥,洪松.中国城市空气污染时空分布格局和人口暴露风险[J].地理科学进展,2021,40(10):1650-1663. |
| 作者姓名： | 肖嘉玉 何超 慕航 杨璐 黄佳伊 辛艾萱 涂佩玥 洪松 |
| 作者单位： | 1.武汉大学资源与环境科学学院 地理信息系统教育部重点实验室,武汉 430079 2.悉尼大学商学院,澳大利亚 悉尼 NSW 2006 3.湖北大学资源环境学院,武汉 430062 |
| 基金项目： | 深圳市科技计划项目(JCYJ20150630153917252) |
| 摘 要： | 近年来,中国空气污染及其对人口健康危害的时空分布呈现出新的特征。论文使用5 a(2015—2019年)间逐小时的空气质量监测数据,利用变化率计算、热点分析、趋势分析和超标频数统计等方法,分析了中国332个城市的空气质量及人口空气污染暴露风险的时空分布特征,结论如下：① 中国城市近年来空气质量有好转趋势,环境空气质量指数(AQI)下降的城市占所研究城市总数的91.3%;PM2.5、PM10、SO2和CO等4种污染物浓度均有所下降,而NO2和O3浓度有所上升;② PM2.5、PM10、SO2和CO浓度变化率的热点分布于新疆地区和云南—华南地区,NO2浓度变化率的热点为新疆地区和河套平原,O3浓度变化率的热点为华北平原至长江中下游流域;西北地区和华南地区空气质量变化幅度较小;③ 9个城市在PM2.5、PM10、SO2、NO2、O3和CO等6种污染物中均有暴露,分布于山西、河北与山东。暴露风险均为0级的低风险城市共有12个,分别位于新疆、云南、贵州、四川、广东、福建和黑龙江。研究结论对于跨区域空气污染的协同治理以及制定差异化的空间人口流动管理政策具有重要参考价值。 |
| 关 键 词： | 城市 空气污染 热点分析 暴露风险 中国 |
| 收稿时间： | 2020-10-05 |
| 修稿时间： | 2021-05-14 |
Spatiotemporal pattern and population exposure risks of air pollution in Chinese urban areas |
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| XIAO Jiayu,HE Chao,MU Hang,YANG Lu,HUANG Jiayi,XIN Aixuan,TU Peiyue,HONG Song.Spatiotemporal pattern and population exposure risks of air pollution in Chinese urban areas[J].Progress in Geography,2021,40(10):1650-1663. | |
| Authors: | XIAO Jiayu HE Chao MU Hang YANG Lu HUANG Jiayi XIN Aixuan TU Peiyue HONG Song |
| Institution: | 1. Key Laboratory of Geographic Information System, Ministry of Education, School of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China 2. School of Busniss, University of Sydney, Sydney NSW 2006, Australia 3. Faculty of Resources and Environmental Science, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China |
| Abstract: | In recent years, the spatiotemporal distribution and its hazards to republic health of air pollution in China have shown new characteristics. Using hourly air quality monitoring data for five years (2015-2019) in 332 Chinese cities, this study analyzed the spatiotemporal distribution characteristics of air quality and urban population exposure risks by different methods. The results suggest that: 1) Air quality in Chinese urban areas has improved in recent years. Ambient Air Quality Index (AQI) decreased in 303 cities (91.3%). The concentrations of PM2.5, PM10, SO2, and CO declined while the concentrations of NO2 and O3 increased. 2) The hotspots of PM2.5, PM10, SO2, and CO concentration change rates were distributed in Xinjiang and Yunnan-South China. The hotspots of NO2 concentration change rate were in the Xinjiang area and the Hetao Plain. The hotspots of O3 concentration change rate were from the North China Plain to the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River. The trends of air quality change in the Northwest and South China were relatively slow. 3) Nine cities were exposed to PM2.5, PM10, SO2, NO2, O3, and CO pollution, which were located in Shanxi, Hebei, and Shandong provinces; 12 cities had no exposure risks to these six pollutants, which were distributed in Xinjiang, Yunnan, Guizhou, Sichuan, Guangdong, Fujian, and Heilongjiang provinces. These conclusions are of important reference value for collaborative treatment of cross-regional air pollution and formulating spatially diffenrentiated population flow management policies in China. |
| Keywords: | cities air pollution hotspot analysis exposure risks China |
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