| 干旱对作物产量影响研究进展与展望 |
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| 引用本文： | 刘宪锋,傅伯杰.干旱对作物产量影响研究进展与展望[J].地理学报,2021,76(11):2632-2646. |
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| 作者姓名： | 刘宪锋 傅伯杰 |
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| 作者单位： | 陕西师范大学地理科学与旅游学院,西安710119;中国科学院生态环境研究中心,北京100085;中国科学院生态环境研究中心,北京100085 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金项目(41801333);国家自然科学基金项目(41991230);陕西省自然科学基金项目(2020JQ-417);陕西省社会科学基金项目(2020D039);中央高校基本科研业务费专项(GK201901009);中央高校基本科研业务费专项(GK202003068) |
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| 摘 要： | 粮食安全关乎人类生存和社会发展,是总体国家安全观的重要组成部分。本文首先梳理了作物产量影响因素及干旱对作物产量的影响过程,进而从基于田间控制实验、统计模型、作物生长机理模型以及遥感反演模型等4个方面系统回顾了干旱对全球主要作物产量影响评估的最新进展,揭示出当前研究呈现出由单灾种向多灾种、由单目标向多目标、由统计模型向综合模型转变的特征。文献计量分析表明,1990—2020年干旱对作物产量影响研究发文量呈指数增长,且研究主题经历了由传统的作物水分胁迫到作物受旱影响与适应综合研究的转变过程,体现出研究视角的不断深化和综合。在学科分布上,农学、植物学和环境科学是研究干旱对作物产量影响的主要学科,建议应加强地理学多要素多尺度的系统性思维在粮食和水资源耦合系统研究中的应用。最后,在分析现有问题和挑战的基础上,将未来应关注的重要议题归纳为以下4个方面,即构建干旱对作物产量影响的多源信息数据库、阐明干旱对作物产量影响的关键过程及机理、发展耦合宏观与微观过程作物生长机理模型和搭建作物产量与粮食安全综合监测平台系统,旨在通过提高干旱对作物产量影响的监测预警和科学管控,实现农业可持续发展和全球粮食安全。
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| 关 键 词： | 干旱 作物产量 粮食安全 研究进展 研究展望 |
| 收稿时间： | 2020-08-11 |
| 修稿时间： | 2021-03-25 |
Drought impacts on crop yield:Progress,challenges and prospect |
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| LIU Xianfeng,FU Bojie.Drought impacts on crop yield:Progress,challenges and prospect[J].Acta Geographica Sinica,2021,76(11):2632-2646. |
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| Authors: | LIU Xianfeng FU Bojie |
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| Institution: | 1. School of Geography and Tourism, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China2. Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, CAS, Beijing 100085, China |
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| Abstract: | Food security, one of key components of national security, is a top priority for human survival and social development. In this study, we first sought to determine the influencing factors of crop yields and the process of drought impacts on crop yields. We then systematically reviewed the effects of droughts on major global crop yields from four aspects: field control experiments, statistical models, crop growth models, and remote sensing inversion models. Recent progress in crop yield impact assessment reveals that the current research has changed from single-hazard to multi-hazard, from single target to multiple targets, and from statistical models to a comprehensive model. A bibliometric analysis shows that the volume of research on drought impacts on crop yields has increased exponentially, and the related research theme has undergone a transformation from traditional research on crop water stress to comprehensive research on crop drought impacts and adaptation, reflecting the continuous deepening and integration of research perspectives. Agriculture, plant sciences, and environmental sciences are the three main disciplines in research on drought impacts on crop yields. We need to strengthen the application of geographical thinking, that is, systematic thinking concerning multiple factors and multiple scales to study the coupling of crop yields and water resources in the future. Finally, we suggest the following four priority areas for future research in consideration of the problems and challenges of the existing research: establishing a multi-source database of drought impact on crop yield, revealing the key process and mechanism of drought impacts on crop yields, developing a coupled macro and micro process crop growth model, and establishing a comprehensive monitoring platform system for crop yields and food security. This will help ensure sustainable agricultural development and global food security by improving monitoring, early warning, and scientific management of the impacts of droughts on crop yields. |
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| Keywords: | drought crop yield food security research progress research prospect |
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