| 职住空间关系研究的比较述评与展望 |
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| 引用本文： | 张学波,窦群,赵金丽,宋金平,王曼曼.职住空间关系研究的比较述评与展望[J].世界地理研究,2017,26(1):32-44. |
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| 作者姓名： | 张学波 窦群 赵金丽 宋金平 王曼曼 |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 北京师范大学地理学与遥感科学学院
2. 北京联合大学 旅游发展研究院 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金项目(41271132) |
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| 摘 要： | 职住空间关系因其丰富的内涵和复杂的要素关系而成为多学科研究的热点问题。虽然跨学科交叉融合研究是职住关系研究的发展方向，但由于学科背景的差异各学科关注了职住关系问题的不同方面，其研究立场和结论也存在一定差异。通过梳理职住关系相关问题研究的主要内容、观点以及存在的争议，从学科背景这个全新的视角探寻了研究结论差异性的根源，进而展望了未来可能的研究方向和领域。分析发现：社会学侧重于社会政策和个体属性差异影响下的弱势群体职住空间错配研究，对“职住空间错配”假说的存在有较大争议；城市经济学强调市场对职住空间关系的决定性作用，认为职住分离是城市发展的必然阶段；城市规划学者试图通过测度城市通勤验证职住平衡的有效性，虽然备受争议，但其仍是城市规划的理想模型和指导思想；城市地理学则从宏观的空间测度和微观的个体行为变化洞悉城市空间重构及职住分离的影响因素和形成机制。总结认为，地理学者应在借鉴多学科的理论和方法的基础上，宏观方面要加强基于大数据和全要素信息的职住空间关系集成模型构建和精细化模拟研究，微观上，基于后现代主义和人本主义的职住关系对个体或特殊群体的影响及其响应的系统研究具有较大发展空间。
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| 关 键 词： | 职住空间关系 比较述评 展望 |
| 收稿时间： | 2016-06-13 |
| 修稿时间： | 2016-08-30 |
Comparative review and prospect of the jobs-housing spatial relationship |
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| ZHANG Xue-bo,DOU Qun,ZHAO Jin-li,SONG Jin-ping,WANG Man-man.Comparative review and prospect of the jobs-housing spatial relationship[J].World Regional Studies,2017,26(1):32-44. |
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| Authors: | ZHANG Xue-bo DOU Qun ZHAO Jin-li SONG Jin-ping WANG Man-man |
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| Abstract: | The jobs-housing spatial relationship can reflect the urban spatial structure and the operational efficiency, and thus has long been a studying topic in several disciplines. However, there are obvious differences on the final conclusion because of the different research perspectives. The paper carded the research contents, the main viewpoints and disputes from the difference of discipline background, then summarized and looked ahead the future research fields of the jobs-housing spatial relationship. The paper found that the sociology focused on the spatial mismatch of disadvantaged groups under the influence of social policy and individual character differences, and the spatial mismatch hypothesis is controversial. The urban economics emphasized on the determinant role of the market and believed that the job-housing separation is the inevitable stage of city growth cycle. Urban planners have tried to verify the effectiveness of jobs-housing balance by measuring the urban commuting efficiency and taken the jobs-housing balance as perfect model and planning ideology, despite being some studying disputes on the jobs-housing balance. Urban geography has insight into the urban space reconstruction, the influencing factors and formation mechanism from the macro space measurement and the micro individual behavior changes. The following research should focus on the integrated model construction and fining simulation of jobs-housing relationship based on the big data and the total-element information from the macro perspective and the influences of jobs-housing relationship on individuals and groups, as well as their responses based on the Postmodernism and Humanism from the micro perspective. |
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