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Surface and near-surface atmospheric temperatures for the Mars Exploration Rover landing sites |
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| Authors: | N Spanovich MD Smith MJ Wolff SW Squyres |
| Institution: | a Jet Propulsion Laboratory, MS 264-422, 4800 Oak Grove Drive, Pasadena, CA 91109, USA b Lunar and Planetary Laboratory, University of Arizona, 1629 E. University Boulevard, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA c NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA d Space Science Institute, 18970 Cavendish Road, Brookfield, WI 53045, USA e Department of Geological Sciences, Arizona State University, PO Box 871404, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA f Department of Astronomy, Cornell University, 406 Space Sciences, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA |
| Abstract: | Downward-looking spectra of the martian surface from the Miniature Thermal Emission spectrometer (Mini-TES), onboard each of the two Mars Exploration Rovers, are modeled in order to retrieve surface and near-surface atmospheric temperatures. By fitting the observed radiance in the vicinity of the 15-μm CO2 absorption feature, the surface temperature and the near-surface atmospheric temperature, approximately 1.1 m above the surface, are determined. The temperatures from the first 180 sols (martian days) of each surface mission are used to characterize the diurnal dependence of temperatures. The near-surface atmospheric temperatures are consistently 20 K cooler than the surface temperatures in the warmest part of each sol, which is 1300-1400 LTST (local true solar time) depending on the location. Seasonal cooling trends are seen in the data by displaying the temperatures as a function of sol. Long ground stares, 8.5 min in duration, show as much as 8 K fluctuation in the near-surface atmospheric temperatures during the early afternoon hours when the near-surface atmosphere is unstable. |
| Keywords: | Mars atmosphere Mars climate Mars surface |
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