| 泥石流暴发的自组织临界现象 |
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| 引用本文： | 罗德军,艾南山,李后强.泥石流暴发的自组织临界现象[J].山地学报,1995(4). |
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| 作者姓名： | 罗德军 艾南山 李后强 |
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| 作者单位： | 四川联合大学物理系，铁道部第二勘测设计院科研所 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家科委基础研究基金和中国科学院东川泥石流观测研究站基金 |
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| 摘 要： | 泥石流是一种特殊的物质、能量大规模耗散的地表现象。在泥石流的形成区松散堆积物组元间的非线性作用，使系统自然地朝着临界状态演化，这种耗散动力学系统的行为特征，用自组织临界状态的概念能加以解释。泥石流规模与频率间呈幂律关系，它是自组织临界状态系统的行为标志，证明了泥石流暴发的自组织临界性．
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| 关 键 词： | 泥石流，自组织临界现象，幂律 |
BREAKOUT OF DEBRIS FLOW AS A SELF-ORGANIZED CRINCAL PHENOMENON |
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| Luo Dejun,Ai Nanshan,Li Houqiang.BREAKOUT OF DEBRIS FLOW AS A SELF-ORGANIZED CRINCAL PHENOMENON[J].Journal of Mountain Research,1995(4). |
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| Authors: | Luo Dejun Ai Nanshan Li Houqiang |
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| Abstract: | A sandpile cellular-automata model which stems from the hypothesis of self-organizedcriticaliV(SOC ) suggested by Bak,Tang and Wiesenfeld is applied to development of debrisflow. The occurrence of debris flows,as a dissipative system, should be involved into SOC. In asandpile grains of sand are added one by one. After some time, the sandpile will evolve to asteady state in which its slope fluctuates around an average value. Once the sandpile is in thisstate, the addition of a single grain of sand can trigger an avalanche( a occurrence of debrisflow)of any size, The distribution functions of the size and duration of those avalanches obey apower law. On slopes of a debris flow gully supplied by abundant loosen accumulation,a break-out of debris flow is like an a valanche in sandpile model. The occurrences of debris flow can bedescribed phenorr1e nologically as the avalan che behavior. According to the data of debris flows for 40 times recorded from 1982-198 5 by theDongchuan Debris Plow Observation a nd Research Station , Chinese Aeademv of Sciences,apower law of frequency and scale of debris flow occurrence was found to obev a formula,lgN=8.6-1.05lgQ,in which N and Q are respectively the times(frequency)and mass(scale)of the breakouts ofdebris flow.P A, Johnson et al. have disccussed the question of the power law of debris flow,buthavn't mathematically proved. Statistical relationship between frequency and scale of debris flowoccurrences is firstly ealculated,which shows the debris flow is actually a kind of self-organizedcritical phenomena,because this power law is one of some manifestation of the seir organizedcritieality. |
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| Keywords: | debris flow self-organized criticality power law1)Ptesent address:Sci &Tech Dept No 2 Surveying and Designing Inst of Railway Ministry 610031 Chengdu |
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