An Analysis of Thermally-Related Surface Rainfall Budgets Associated with Convective and Stratiform Rainfall |
| |
| Authors: | ZHOU Yushu and Xiaofan LI |
| |
| Institution: | Laboratory of Cloud-Precipitation Physics and Severe Storms, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029,NOAA/NESDIS/Center for Satellite Applications and Research, Camp Springs, Maryland |
| |
| Abstract: | Both water vapor and heat processes play key roles in
producing surface rainfall. While the water vapor effects of sea
surface temperature and cloud radiative and microphysical processes
on surface rainfall have been investigated in previous studies, the
thermal effects on rainfall are analyzed in this study using a
series of two-dimensional equilibrium cloud-resolving model
experiments forced by zonally-uniform, constant, large-scale zonal
wind and zero large-scale vertical velocity. The analysis of
thermally-related surface rainfall budget reveals that the model
domain mean surface rain rate is primarily associated with the mean
infrared cooling rate. Convective rainfall and transport of
hydrometeor concentration from convective regions to raining
stratiform regions corresponds to the heat divergence over
convective regions, whereas stratiform rainfall corresponds to the
transport of hydrometeor concentration from convective regions and
heat divergence over raining stratiform regions. The heat divergence
over convective regions is mainly balanced by the heat convergence
over rainfall-free regions, which is, in turn, offset by the
radiative cooling over rainfall-free regions. The sensitivity
experiments of rainfall to the effects of sea surface temperature
and cloud radiative and microphysical processes show that the sea
surface temperature and cloud processes affect convective rainfall
through the changes in infrared cooling rate over rainfall-free
regions and transport rate of heat from convective regions to
rainfall-free regions. |
| |
| Keywords: | surface rainfall infrared cooling heat divergence cloud-resolving model simulation |
| 本文献已被 CNKI SpringerLink 等数据库收录！ |
| 点击此处可从《大气科学进展》浏览原始摘要信息 |
| 点击此处可从《大气科学进展》下载免费的PDF全文 |
|
