| 登陆青岛的热带气旋及其降水特征分析 |
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| 作者姓名： | 马艳 董海鹰 郝燕 郭丽娜 顾瑜 |
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| 作者单位： | 青岛市气象灾害防御工程技术研究中心;青岛市气象局 |
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| 基金项目： | 青岛市气象局科研项目(2019qdqxz01)。 |
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| 摘 要： | 利用中国台风年鉴资料、地面及探空观测资料、NCEP/NCAR再分析数据以及NERA-GOOS海温数据,首先分析了1949—2019年在青岛登陆的四个热带气旋特征,然后对1909号台风“利奇马”对山东半岛造成的降水强度差异进行对比研究。分析表明:1)1949年以来有4个台风于8月以登陆北上和登陆转向路径在青岛登陆,其在中高纬均是纬向环流占优的大尺度环流形势,副热带高压主体维持在我国东部沿海上空,中心强度较常年偏强,西伸脊线在30°~36°N之间摆动,青岛沿海海域表现为27℃以上的暖洋面特征。2)来自中高纬的冷空气和热带系统在青岛相互作用的差异,副热带高压强度和中心位置的不同是影响登陆台风降水差异的主要原因。3)1909号台风“利奇马”对潍坊降水的影响主要发生在台风与西风槽相互作用过程中,对青岛则表现为台风低压环流前部东南气流的影响。4)台风过程中潍坊和青岛均具有较好的水汽条件和对流不稳定层结,但动力抬升条件差异明显:潍坊位于东北风和东南风辐合区以及水汽通量辐合大值区内,具有较强的水平风垂直切变和上升运动;青岛没有冷空气侵入,但低空和超低空强盛的东南风急流为青岛暴雨提供了充沛的水汽供应和大气层结不稳定条件。
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| 关 键 词： | 热带气旋 青岛 登陆 降水差异 |
Analysis on characteristics of landfalling tropical cyclones and induced precipitation in Qingdao |
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| Authors: | MA Yan DONG Haiying HAO Yan GUO Lin GU Yu |
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| Institution: | (Qingdao Engineering Technology Research Center for Meteorological Disaster Prevention, Qingdao 266003, China;Qingdao Meteorological Bureau, Qingdao 266003, China) |
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| Abstract: | The characteristics of the 4 tropical cyclones landfalling in Qingdao from 1949 to 2019 are firstly analyzed by using yearbooks of tropical cyclones in China,surface and sounding observations,NCEP/NCAR reanalysis data as well as sea surface temperature data from NERA-GOOS.Then difference analysis is carried out for the precipitation caused by Typhoon LEKIMA(2019)in Shandong Peninsula.The results are shown below.1)There are 4 typhoons that land in Qingdao with northward-moving or turning tracks in August since 1949.The large-scale circulation in mid-high latitudes is dominant by zonal circulation.The main body of subtropical high maintains over the east coast of China,the intensity of the center is higher than that in the normal years,and the westward ridge line lies between 30°N and 36°N.Additionally,the sea surface temperature is above 27℃over the coastal waters of Qingdao.2)The differences of interactions over Qingdao between the cold air from mid-high latitudes and tropical systems and the intensity and center's position of the subtropical high result in differed precipitation by landfalling typhoons.3)Typhoon LEKIMA has an effect on the precipitation in Weifang during the interaction between the typhoon and westerly trough while on that in Qingdao through the southeast airflow in front of the low pressure circulation.4)Despite the favorable water vapor conditions and convective unstable stratifications both at Weifang and Qingdao,the lifting conditions are significantly differed.Weifang is located inside the convergence zone of northeasterly and southeasterly winds and high-value zone of water vapor flux convergence with strong vertical shear of horizontal wind and ascending motion.In Qingdao,there is no cold air intrusion,while the strong southeasterly jet in the low level or ultra-low level provides abundant water vapor and unstable stratification for the rainstorm. |
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| Keywords: | tropical cyclone Qingdao landfalling precipitation difference |
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