Characterization and antifouling activity analysis of extracellular polymeric substances produced by an epibiotic bacterial strain Kocuria flava associated with the green macroalga Ulva lactuca |
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| Authors: | Mohammad Abdulaziz Ba-akdah Sathianeson Satheesh |
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| Institution: | Department of Marine Biology, Faculty of Marine Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia |
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| Abstract: | Extracellular polymeric substances(EPS) are present externally to the microorganisms and play an important role in attachment and biofilm formation. These polymers possess antibacterial and antifouling activities. In this study, the antifouling activity of EPS produced by an epibiotic bacterium associated with macroalga Ulva lactuca was assessed against fouling bacteria and barnacle larvae. Results indicate that the EPS isolated from the epibiotic bacterium inhibits the biofilm formation of the bacteria without much antibacterial activity. Also, the EPS reduced the settlement of barnacle larvae on the hard substrate under laboratory conditions. The epibiotic bacterium was identified as Kocuria flava based on 16 S rRNA gene sequencing. The EPS was further analysed using Fourier transform infrared(FT-IR), nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR) and X-ray diffraction(XRD) to understand the biochemical composition. NMR analysis revealed the presence of polysaccharides, proteins, acetyl amine and succinyl groups. Scanning electron microscope analysis indicated that the EPS consisted of aggregated and irregular sphere-shaped particles. |
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| Keywords: | biofouling antifouling Kocuria flava exopolymers antibiofilm activity Red Sea |
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