| 破碎波冲击直立桩柱的大比尺试验研究 |
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| 引用本文： | 台兵,马玉祥,杨思宇,张华庆,陈松贵,董国海.破碎波冲击直立桩柱的大比尺试验研究[J].海洋学报,2021,43(10):97-105. |
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| 作者姓名： | 台兵 马玉祥 杨思宇 张华庆 陈松贵 董国海 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.大连理工大学 海岸和近海工程国家重点实验室，辽宁 大连 116024 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金（51679031，51979029，51720105010）；辽宁省兴辽人才计划（XLYC1807010）；中央高校基本科研业务费（DUT2019TB02，TKS20200402）；天津市科技计划项目（17PTYPHZ00080） |
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| 摘 要： | 波浪破碎是海洋中最常见的现象之一，其能够对海洋中的结构物产生巨大的波浪力作用。本文在大比尺波浪水槽通过聚焦波的方法生成了极端波浪和不同破碎阶段的破碎波浪，并对其冲击桩柱过程中的点压力进行了测量，进而采用连续小波变换的方法，对桩柱上点压力的分布及大小进行了细致分析。结果表明，多次重复试验下，相比非破碎极端波浪，破碎极端波浪产生的点压力离散性更强；波浪破碎程度越大，测点位置越靠近波峰，则点压力离散程度越大；破碎波的最大点压力出现在1.2倍的最大波面附近，且其大小可达3倍的最大静水压力；基于点压力小波谱，不同破碎阶段破碎波产生冲击作用不同，对于波浪作用桩柱前波浪已经发生破碎的情况，其冲击区域更大，点压力分布更复杂；而对于桩面破碎的情况，其造成的波浪总力更大。
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| 关 键 词： | 大比尺物理模型试验 破碎波 桩柱 波浪力 |
| 收稿时间： | 2020-07-08 |
Experimental investigation of breaking waves impacting a vertical pile in a large model scale |
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| Institution: | 1.State Key Laboratory of Coastal and Offshore Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China2.Tianjin Research Institute for Water Transport Engineering, Ministry of Transport, Tianjin 300456, China |
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| Abstract: | Wave breaking is the most prominent feature of the ocean surface and it induces huge loads on structures. In this study, laboratory experiments in a large model scale are carried out to study wave forces on a vertical pile induced by breaking waves and non-breaking extreme waves, and to get insight the magnitude and the distribution of the wave forces, pressure transducers are installed in the face of the tested pile. The results show that in repeated experiments the wave pressures induced by the breaking waves present a wider variance compared with non-breaking waves; as the breaking density at the pile increases and the measuring point gets closer to wave crest, the variance of pressures increases; the maximum measured pressures can reach three times of the maximum hydrostatic pressure and occur at around 1.2 times of the maximum water surface. Based on the continuous wavelet spectrums of the wave pressures, different breaking phases show different characteristics: when the wave breaks far in front of the pile, its spectrum has a high frequency range with a wider vertical distribution, indicting more complicated pressures; when the wave breaks at the front of the pile, the wave force reaches a highest value. |
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