A 35-GHz Polarimetric Doppler Radar and Its Application for Observing Clouds Associated with Typhoon Nuri |
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| Authors: | ZHONG Lingzhi LIU Liping FENG Sheng GE Runsheng and ZHANG Zhe |
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| Institution: | State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather, Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, Beijing 100081,State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather, Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, Beijing 100081,Beijing Institute of Radio Measurement, Beijing 100000,State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather, Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, Beijing 100081,Beijing Institute of Radio Measurement, Beijing 100000 |
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| Abstract: | Millimeter-wavelength radar has proved to be an effective instrument for
cloud observation and research. In this study, 8-mm-wavelength cloud radar
(MMCR) with Doppler and polarization capabilities was used to investigate
cloud dynamics in China for the first time. Its design, system
specifications, calibration, and application in measuring clouds associated
with typhoon are discussed in this article. The cloud radar measurements of
radar reflectivity (Z), Doppler velocity (Vr), velocity spectrum width
(Sw) and the depolarization ratio (LDR) at vertical incidence were
used to analyze the microphysical and dynamic processes of the cloud system
and precipitation associated with Typhoon Nuri, which occurred in southern
China in August 2008. The results show the reflectivity observed using MMCR
to be consistent with the echo height and the melting-layer location data
obtained by the nearby China S-band new-generation weather radar (SA), but
the Ka-band MMCR provided more detailed structural information about clouds
and weak precipitation data than did the SA radar. The variation of radar
reflectivity and LDR in vertical structure reveals the transformation of
particle phase from ice to water. The vertical velocity and velocity
spectrum width of MMCR observations indicate an updraft and strong
turbulence in the stratiform cloud layer. MMCR provides a valuable new
technology for meteorological research in China. |
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| Keywords: | cloud radar cloud physics observation capability |
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