The Gaia Data Release 1 parallaxes and the distance scale of Galactic planetary nebulae |
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| Institution: | 1. National Optical Astronomy Observatory, 950 N. Cherry Avenue, Tucson, Arizona 85719 USA;2. INAF, Osservatorio Astronomico di Torino, Via Osservatorio, 20, 10025 Pino Torinese TO, Italy;3. Shanghai Astronomical Observatory, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 80 Nandan Rd, 200030 Shanghai, China;1. Department of Physics, & Centre for Theoretical Studies, IIT Kharagpur, Pin: 721302, India;2. National Centre For Radio Astrophysics, Post Bag 3, Ganeshkhind, Pune 411007, India;3. Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India;4. Department of Physics and Meteorology & Centre for Theoretical Studies, IIT Kharagpur, 721302 India;5. Department of Physics, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700032, India;6. Dept of Physics and Astronomy, University of the Western Cape, Robert Sobukwe Road, Bellville 7535, South Africa;7. SKA SA, The Park, Park Road, Pinelands 7405, South Africa;8. Department of Physics, IIT (BHU), Varanasi 221005, India;1. Department of Astronomy, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangshu 210000, China;2. College of Electronic and Communication Engineering, Hainan Tropical Ocean University, Sanya 572022, China;3. Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;1. Astronomical Institute, Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, V Holešovičkách 2, CZ-18000 Prague 8, Czech Republic;2. Astronomical Institute (v. v. i.), Czech Academy of Sciences, Fričova 298, CZ-25165 Ondřejov, Czech Republic;1. Via Molinetto 35, 26845 Triulza di Codogno (LO), Italy;2. Via Zoncada 51, 26845 Codogno (LO), Italy;3. Via Don G. Minzoni 26/D, 20020 Magnago (MI), Italy |
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| Abstract: | In this paper we gauge the potentiality of Gaia in the distance scale calibration of planetary nebulae (PNe) by assessing the impact of DR1 parallaxes of central stars of Galactic PNe (CSPNe) against known physical relations. For selected PNe targets with state-of-the-art data on angular sizes and fluxes, we derive the distance-dependent parameters of the classical distance scales, i.e., physical radii and ionized masses, from DR1 parallaxes; we propagate the uncertainties in the estimated quantities and evaluate their statistical properties in the presence of large relative parallax errors; we populate the statistical distance scale diagrams with this sample and discuss its significance in light of existing data and current calibrations. We glean from DR1 parallaxes 8 CSPNe with S/N> 1. We show that this set of potential calibrators doubles the number of extant trigonometric parallaxes (from HST and ground-based), and increases by two orders of magnitude the domain of physical parameters probed previously. We then use the combined sample of suitable trigonometric parallaxes to fit the physical-radius-to-surface-brightness relation. This distance scale calibration, although preliminary, appears solid on statistical grounds, and suggestive of new PNe physics. With the tenfold improvement in PNe number statistics and astrometric accuracy expected from future Gaia releases the new distance scale, already very intriguing, will be definitively constrained. |
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