| Abstract: | Abstract This paper introduces the development and validation of the Test of Geography-Related Attitudes (ToGRA). The ToGRA measures student attitude on four discrete scales: 1) leisure interest in geography; 2) enjoyment of geographic education; 3) career interest in geography; and 4) interest in place. The ToGRA was validated from a field test sample of 388 ninth-grade World Geography students who responded to the Web-based instrument. Statistical analyses were performed on these data in order to enhance the overall scale characteristics and to determine construct validity. The resultant survey is the first validated affective-trait measurement instrument available to secondary-level researchers and practitioners. |
