Inertially coupled Ekman layers |
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| Authors: | John A T Bye |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing, Mondragon University, Loramendi 4 Apdo. 23, 20500, Arrasate, Spain;2. Department of NE and Fluid Mechanics, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Otaola 29, 20600, Eibar, Spain;3. Department of Applied Physics II, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), B. Sarriena s/n, 48940, Leioa, Spain;4. Joint Research Unit (UPV/EHU-IEO) Plentziako Itsas Estazioa, University of Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Areatza Hiribidea 47, 48620, Plentzia, Spain;5. Centre for Ocean Energy Research, Maynooth University, Maynooth, Co., Kildare, Ireland;1. Magnel Laboratory for Concrete Research, Department of Structural Engineering, Ghent University, Technologiepark Zwijnaarde 904, B-9052 Ghent, Belgium;2. Polymer Chemistry & Biomaterials Research Group, Department of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281, Building S4-bis, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium;3. NMR and Structure Analysis Unit, Department of Organic Chemistry, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281, Building S4 bis, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium;1. Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster, Ministry of Education (KLME)/Joint International Research Laboratory of Climate and Environmental Change (ILCEC)/Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters (CIC-FEMD), Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, China;2. International Pacific Research Center and Department of Atmospheric Sciences, School of Ocean and Earth Science and Technology, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA, USA;3. CSRA (Naval Research Laboratory), Monterey, CA 93943, USA;1. Department of Environmental Engineering, Texas A&M University-Kingsville, 700 University Blvd, Kingsville, TX, 78414, USA;2. Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Texas A&M University-Kingsville, 700 University Blvd, MSC 191, Kingsville, TX, 78414, USA;3. Department of Environmental Engineering, Texas A&M University-Kingsville, 700 University Blvd, MSC 213, Kingsville, TX, 78414, USA;1. NIERSC, Nansen International Environmental and Remote Sensing Centre, 14th line, St. Petersburg, Russia;2. The St. Petersburg State University, Department of Oceanography of the Institute of Earth Sciences, 7/9 Universitetskaya nab., St. Petersburg 199034, Russia;3. Water Problems Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119333, Russia;4. P.P. Shirshov Institute of Oceanology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 117997, Russia;5. Cooperative Institute for Marine and Atmospheric Studies, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA;6. NOAA Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory, Miami, FL, USA;7. Department of Geosciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway;8. Norwegian Meteorological Institute, Oslo, Norway;9. Laboratoire de Physique des Océans, UMR 6523, Université de Bretagne Occidentale, 6 avenue Le Gorgeu, 29200 Brest, France |
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| Abstract: | The inertial coupling model of the surface shear stress at the sea surface (Bye, 1995) which takes account of the surface wavefield, has been applied to couple the Ekman layers of the ocean and atmosphere. We determine the surface shear stress and geostrophic drag coefficient, under barotropic conditions. The results are expressed in terms of the shear between the inertially weighted (i.e. velocity×square root of the density) relative geostrophic velocities in the two fluids, in which the reference velocity need not be specified, a priori. We find, in particular, that the deflection of the relative surface geostrophic wind to the surface shear stress in naturally occurring seastates, is about 9°. In the application of the analysis to general circulation models, it is argued that, since the inertially weighted relative geostrophic velocities in air and water are of similar magnitude, this implies that the surface shear stress can be significantly reduced by the current component of the inertially weighted geostrophic shear, with a corresponding reduction in importance of the Ekman transport. |
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| Keywords: | Ekman layer Inertial coupling Geostrophic velocities |
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