Ice- and cryogel-soil composites in water-retaining elements in
embankment dams constructed in cold regions |
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| Authors: | N K Vasiliev A A Ivanov I N Shatalina and V V Sokurov |
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| Institution: | The B. E. Vedeneev All-Russia Research Institute of Hydraulic Engineering (VNIIG Inc.), St. Petersburg, Russia;The B. E. Vedeneev All-Russia Research Institute of Hydraulic Engineering (VNIIG Inc.), St. Petersburg, Russia;The B. E. Vedeneev All-Russia Research Institute of Hydraulic Engineering (VNIIG Inc.), St. Petersburg, Russia;The B. E. Vedeneev All-Russia Research Institute of Hydraulic Engineering (VNIIG Inc.), St. Petersburg, Russia |
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| Abstract: | There are a number of serious problems connected with building and repairing water-retaining elements in embankment dams in cold regions.
One of them is the difficulty in finding inexpensive clay materials with the necessary structural properties and using them in the
winter. Another is the cracks that appear in the upper part of a dam when the core freezes to the banks, and leakage along the cracks threatens
to destroy the dam. Still another is the process of erosion at the bottom of the core which may occur through fissures in the rock foundation
of a dam and in transport constructions. Also, the behaviour of water-retaining elements during earthquakes is unreliable. All of these
problems can be solved by using ice- and cryogel-soil composites created by cryotropic gel formation (CGF). Our laboratory investigations
demonstrate that the materials proposed for water-retaining elements have the necessary permeable, plastic, thermophysical, and strength
properties to solve all of these problems. Certain constructions of water-retaining elements which may prove to be both safe and
cost-effective are proposed. However, these ice- and cryogel-soil composites need to be field-validated before they are used in dams and
transport structures in cold regions. |
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| Keywords: | water-retaining elements transport structures cold regions cryogel-soil composites polyvinyl alcohol plastic properties |
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