Diatomaceous deposits of Fayium, Egypt; characterization and evaluation for industrial application |
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| Authors: | M S Hassan I A Ibrahim I S Ismael |
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| Institution: | (1) Central Metallurgical Research and Development Institute, B.O. Box 87, Helwan, Cairo, Egypt |
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| Abstract: | The Holocene lacustrine diatomaceous earth of Fayium, South West of Cairo, has been studied to define its minerals, chemistry,
petrography and physical properties. Minerals were processed by way of calcination at 550°C, followed by acid leaching to
reduce levels of mineral impurities. The diatomite is of biogenic opal A, with calcite as the main gangue mineral, quartz
and clay minerals (smectite followed by kaolinite in abundance and a trace amount of illite). Silica in the diatomaceous earth
accounts for about 63% on average.
Positive correlation between CaO and CO2 indicates that Ca is present mainly as calcite. Al2O3, Fe2O3, MgO and K2O are attributed mainly to clay minerals. However, the physical properties of the diatomaceous earth as filter-aids and filler
for paints and plastics are poor because of general high levels of impurities. The technological performances of the diatomaceous
earth have been significantly improved owing to upgrading of diatoms through mineral processing trials. |
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| Keywords: | diatomaceous deposit diatomite industrial application Fayium Egypt |
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