The role of NGOs in public and private land development: The case of Dhaka city |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Urban and Regional Planning, Room: IEM-204, Khulna University of Engineering and Technology (KUET), Khulna 9203, Bangladesh;2. Department of Urban Engineering, University of Tokyo, Room 901, Building No. 14, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan;1. Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119899, Russia;2. Chemistry of Polymers, Faculty of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119899, Russia;3. School of Chemical Sciences, Dublin City University, Dublin 9, Ireland;1. CIRI, University of Bologna, via Terracini 28, 40136 Bologna, Italy;2. DICAM, University of Bologna, viale Risorgimento 2, 40134 Bologna, Italy;1. Centre for Infocomm Technology (INFINITUS), Nanyang Technological University, Singapore;2. Institute for Telecommunications Research, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia;3. Dept.of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Khulna University of Engineering & Technology, Bangladesh;1. Global Carbon Project, National Institute for Environmental Studies, Tsukuba, Japan;2. Department of Environmental Engineering and Architecture, Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Nagoya University, Japan;3. Department of Social and Human Environment, Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Nagoya University, Japan;4. Department of Urban Engineering, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Japan |
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| Abstract: | Through a series of case studies, this paper discusses the three stakeholders in land development for housing in Dhaka city: the public and private sectors, and NGOs. In a scenario in which urban planning merely serves to the fulfil formal requirements and benefit certain groups, in which the public sector is an accomplice to the private sector, and where NGOs have their own private interests; urban planning in the public interest is interlocked with private interests. NGOs are important tertiary stakeholders in planning and service provision. While they vary in their types and objectives, environment NGOs in particular often find themselves in an antagonistic position concerning public and private land development. However, the interventions to the public and private sectors placed by the NGOs can provide a platform for future negotiation and participation in policy formulation. |
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| Keywords: | Urban planning Land Housing NGOs Dhaka Bangladesh |
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