| 基于GIS的社区地震应急避难场所配置模型构建——以银川市育林巷社区为例 |
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| 引用本文： | 张佳瑜,白林波,杨文伟.基于GIS的社区地震应急避难场所配置模型构建——以银川市育林巷社区为例[J].西北地震学报,2019,41(6):1650-1658. |
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| 作者姓名： | 张佳瑜 白林波 杨文伟 |
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| 作者单位： | 宁夏大学 资源环境学院, 宁夏 银川 750021,宁夏大学 资源环境学院, 宁夏 银川 750021,宁夏大学 土木与水利工程学院, 宁夏 银川 750021 |
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| 基金项目： | 宁夏大学校基金（自然、技术开发）（ZR16006）；宁夏高等学校科研项目（NGY2017059）；宁夏回族自治区重点研发计划项目（2016KJHM38） |
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| 摘 要： | 在快速城市化下，城镇人口密集，地震应急避难场所配置成为社区防灾减灾规划研究的重要研究内容。本文基于当前社区空间结构，立足于社区地震应急避难需求，应用LA模型理论和GIS空间分析方法，构建社区地震应急避难场所配置模型。选择银川市育林巷社区为对象开展实证研究，结果表明：当避难路径长度为700 m时，避难场所服务区域可覆盖所有避难需求点；通过配置模型优化，目前的避难场所可满足社区90%居民的有效避难需求，但仍存在避难需求缺口；社区的总体避难空间有待改、扩建，按照居民区布局增加有效避难空间。该研究可为城市社区防震减灾规划的避难设施优化配置提供理论基础。
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| 关 键 词： | 地震应急避难场所 配置模型 GIS 社区 |
| 收稿时间： | 2018/10/23 0:00:00 |
Construction of an Earthquake Emergency Shelter Allocation Model for a Community Based on GIS: a Case Study of the Yulin Lane Community in Yinchuan City |
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| ZHANG Jiayu,BAI Linbo and YANG Wenwei.Construction of an Earthquake Emergency Shelter Allocation Model for a Community Based on GIS: a Case Study of the Yulin Lane Community in Yinchuan City[J].Northwestern Seismological Journal,2019,41(6):1650-1658. |
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| Authors: | ZHANG Jiayu BAI Linbo and YANG Wenwei |
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| Institution: | College of Resources and Environment Science, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, Ningxia, China,College of Resources and Environment Science, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, Ningxia, China and School of Civil Engineering and Hydraulic Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, Ningxia, China |
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| Abstract: | Yinchuan City is located in the core earthquake belt of northwest China, where earthquakes occur frequently. Under rapid development of urbanization, due to the high density of the domestic population, earthquake emergency shelter allocation should be regarded as a key study component of community disaster prevention and mitigation planning. In this study, based on the current community spatial structure and demand for a community earthquake emergency shelter, we established a community earthquake emergency shelter allocation model using the LA model theory and GIS spatial analysis. We selected the Yulin Lane community in Yinchuan City as a case study to test its effect. Results showed that, when the length of the refuge route reached 700 meters, the shelter service area could cover all the demand points. Following optimization of the allocation model, the current shelters could satisfy the shelter demands of 90% of the residents in the community. We suggest that the local government should increase effective shelter space to better meet demand. These results can offer a theoretical basis for the optimal allocation of shelter facilities for disaster mitigation planning in urban earthquake-prone communities. |
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| Keywords: | earthquake emergency shelter allocation model GIS community |
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