| 追溯最古老的琥珀——树脂植物的起源与演化 |
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| 引用本文： | 宗普,薛进庄,唐宾.追溯最古老的琥珀——树脂植物的起源与演化[J].岩石矿物学杂志,2014,33(S2):111-116. |
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| 作者姓名： | 宗普 薛进庄 唐宾 |
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| 作者单位： | 中国地质科学院 地质研究所, 北京 100037;北京大学 地球与空间科学学院, 北京 100871;北京大学 地球与空间科学学院, 北京 100871;北大宝石鉴定中心, 北京 100871 |
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| 摘 要： | 琥珀是一类有机宝石,其经济价值和科学意义日益受到重视.琥珀是植物树脂的化石形式.本文综述了现代的和已绝灭的产树脂植物的种类与地史分布.现代的产树脂植物包括松柏类和诸多被子植物科,现代松柏类如南洋杉科的琥珀最早可追溯至晚三叠世—早侏罗世,但在白垩纪中期至中新世的地层中更为丰富.始新世以来,热带和亚热带被子植物来源的琥珀开始占优势地位.绝灭的产树脂植物包括繁盛于石炭—二叠纪的科达类和髓木类种子蕨以及石炭纪以来出现并已绝灭的一些松柏类裸子植物.目前已知最早的琥珀产自晚石炭世地层(距今约3.2亿年).琥珀中含丰富的动植物化石,为研究地球生命的演化历史提供了重要材料.
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| 关 键 词： | 琥珀 植物树脂 松柏类 被子植物 起源 |
| 收稿时间： | 2014/8/25 0:00:00 |
| 修稿时间： | 2014/9/2 0:00:00 |
Tracing the most ancient amber: The origin and evolution of resin-producing plants |
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| ZONG Pu,XUE Jin-zhuang and TANG Bin.Tracing the most ancient amber: The origin and evolution of resin-producing plants[J].Acta Petrologica Et Mineralogica,2014,33(S2):111-116. |
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| Authors: | ZONG Pu XUE Jin-zhuang and TANG Bin |
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| Institution: | Institute of Geology, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Beijing 100037, China;School of Earth and Space Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China;School of Earth and Space Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China;Gem Appraisal Center of Peking University, Beijing 100871, China |
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| Abstract: | Amber is a kind of organic gem, and its ecological and scientific values attract increasing attentions. Amber is the fossil form of plant resins. This paper reviews the types and the geohistorical distribution of modern and extinct resin-producing plants. Modern resin-producing plants include conifers and many families of angiosperms. Amber produced by modern conifers such as Araucariaceae can be traced to the late Triassic and early Jurassic; however, the most abundant records are from the middle Cretaceous to Miocene. From Eocene onwards, ambers from angiosperms became dominant in deposits. The extinct resin-producing plants include cordaitaleans and medullosan seed ferns which flourished in the Carboniferous and Permian, as well as several groups of extinct coniferous gymnosperms which appeared from the Carboniferous onwards. The most ancient amber is from late Carboniferous strata (ca. 320 Ma in age). Amber contains abundant plant and animal fossils, which provide valuable materials for the study of evolutionary history of organisms on the Earth. |
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| Keywords: | amber plant resins conifers angiosperms origin |
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