| 注水诱发地震的研究进展 |
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| 引用本文： | 黄元敏,马胜利,李晓慧.注水诱发地震的研究进展[J].西北地震学报,2023(2):387-400. |
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| 作者姓名： | 黄元敏 马胜利 李晓慧 |
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| 作者单位： | 中国地震局地质研究所地震动力学国家重点实验室,北京 100029 ；广东省地震局,广东 广州 510070 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金项目(U1839211)；地震科技星火计划攻关项目(XH20044)；水库地震监测与预报实验场建设项目 |
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| 摘 要： | 研究注水诱发地震的特征、发生机理和最大可能震级等对开展诱发地震的预防、危险性评价、减灾策略制定等方面的工作具有重要意义。文章系统地梳理了国内外关于注水诱发地震研究的主要认识和分歧。结果表明：(1)诱发地震的最大可能震级由断层大小和应力状态等地质条件决定，受注水压力和累积注水量等参数的影响；(2)识别诱发地震的可靠方法取决于地震和注水之间的时空相关性，统计模型的参数以及断层活化分析等一系列证据链条；(3)当断层与流体储层之间存在水力连接时，孔隙压力扰动是诱发地震的主要发生机制，反之岩石基质体积变形引起的孔隙弹性应力变化主导了诱发地震的过程。此外，注水诱发的稳定滑动传播到断层的孕震部分、流体的化学作用和小地震级联触发效应也可能在注水诱发地震中发挥重要的作用。研究结果将为注水诱发地震机理研究和减轻破坏性诱发地震灾害提供一定的科学参考。
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| 关 键 词： | 诱发地震 地震活动特征 诱发机理 最大震级 |
Research progress on injection- induced earthquakes |
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| HUANG Yuanmin,MA Shengli,LI Xiaohui.Research progress on injection- induced earthquakes[J].Northwestern Seismological Journal,2023(2):387-400. |
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| Authors: | HUANG Yuanmin MA Shengli LI Xiaohui |
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| Abstract: | The characteristics, mechanisms, and maximum possible magnitude of injection- induced earthquakes are important to study for induced earthquake prevention, risk assessment, and disaster reduction strategy formulation. This paper systematically collates the main understandings and disputes of injection- induced earthquake research at home and abroad. The results indicate that the maximum possible magnitude of an induced earthquake, which is affected by water injection parameters such as injection pressure and cumulative injection volume, is determined by geological conditions such as fault size and stress state. The reliable method for identifying induced earthquakes depends on a series of evidence chains, including the time- space correlation between earthquakes and water injection, the parameters of the statistical model, and the analysis of fault activation. When a hydraulic connection exists between the fault and the fluid reservoir, the pore pressure disturbance is the main induction mechanism; when the fluid pathway is unavailable, the change in pore elastic stress caused by the volume deformation of the rock matrix plays a dominant role. In addition, the chemical action of fluid and the triggering effect of small earthquakes may also play an important role in injection- induced earthquakes. This study provides a scientific reference for studying the mechanism of injection- induced earthquakes and the mitigation of destructive induced earthquake disasters. |
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