| 黄河流域坡高地系统最小生态需水研究 |
| |
| 引用本文： | 张远,杨志峰.黄河流域坡高地系统最小生态需水研究[J].山地学报,2004,22(2):154-160. |
| |
| 作者姓名： | 张远 杨志峰 |
| |
| 作者单位： | 1. 北京师范大学环境学院,水环境模拟国家重点实验室,水沙科学教育部重点实验室,北京,100875;中国环境科学研究院,北京,100012
2. 北京师范大学环境学院,水环境模拟国家重点实验室,水沙科学教育部重点实验室,北京,100875 |
| |
| 基金项目： | 国家重点基础研究发展规划(973)项目(G1999043605)，国家自然科学基金重点项目(50239020)~~ |
| |
| 摘 要： | 以保护和恢复流域坡高地生态系统为目的，对坡高地最小生态需水问题进行研究，提出了坡高地生态需水和生态缺水的计算方法。以黄河流域为实例，在GIS和遥感技术支持下对坡高地最小生态需水量和缺水量进行了计算，并从时空两个尺度揭示了黄河流域坡高地生态系统最小生态需水的变化规律，研究成果可为流域生态环境建设和水资源合理配置提供依据。
|
| 关 键 词： | 生态需水 坡高地系统 时空变化 黄河流域 |
| 文章编号： | 1008-2786(2004)02-0154-07 |
| 修稿时间： | 2003年11月12 |
Minimum Plant Water Requirements and Variation of Highland Ecosystem in the Yellow River Basin |
| |
| ZHANG Yuan,YANG Zhifeng.Minimum Plant Water Requirements and Variation of Highland Ecosystem in the Yellow River Basin[J].Journal of Mountain Research,2004,22(2):154-160. |
| |
| Authors: | ZHANG Yuan YANG Zhifeng |
| |
| Abstract: | We calculate the minimum plant water requirements for highland ecosystem in the Yellow River Basin, and analyze their spatio-temporal variation by using the remote sensing data and Meteorological data as input. Moreover, we estimate the plant water shortage in the Yellow River Basin, which is calculated by comparing minimum plant water requirements with the actual plant water consumption. The actual plant water consumption of highland ecosystem was estimated with the soil water balance model. The results indicate that the minimum plant water requirements for highland ecosystem in the Yellow River Basin are about 268 mm and the relative water shortage is about 9.19 mm during the growth season (from April to October). Both the minimum plant water requirements and water shortage change gradually with the growth of vegetation during the growth season. The minimum plant water requirements come to the maximum on July, and water deficit occurs mainly from April to July. The differences of the minimum plant water requirements among regions are also obvious. The plant water requirements increased gradually from the north to the south and the west to the east, except that the plant water requirements is high in Hetao Plain and Huangshui Watershed. The plant water shortage area locates in the northwest of the Yellow River Basin, and is about 13% of the total watershed area. The minimum water requirements for different kinds of vegetations are different. The water requirements of deciduous broad-leaf forest (equal to 412 mm) is the maximum among the minimum water requirements of all kinds of vegetation lived in the Yellow River Basin, and the others is deciduous coniferous forest (374 mm), crop (324 mm), mixed crop-grass (281 mm), shrub (269 mm), grass (232 mm) and alpine tundra (202 mm) in turn. The water shortage of shrub is the maximum among the minimum water shortages of all kinds of vegetation lived in the Yellow River Basin, which is 22 mm, and the others is crop (13 mm), grass (5 mm), deciduous coniferous forest and deciduous broad-leaf forest (4 mm), mixed crop-grass (1.3 mm) and alpine tundra (0 mm) in turn. |
| |
| Keywords: | plant water requirements highland ecosystem spatio-temporal variation the Yellow River Basin |
| 本文献已被 CNKI 维普 万方数据 等数据库收录！ |
|
