Response of the Gulf Stream transport to characteristic high and low phases of the North Atlantic Oscillation |
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| Institution: | 1. Atmospheric and Environmental Research, Inc., 131 Hartwell Ave., Lexington, MA 02421, USA;2. School for Marine Science and Technology, University of Massachusetts, Dartmouth, 200 Mill Rd., Suite 325, Fairhaven, MA 02719, USA;1. Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology, 3173-25 Showa-machi, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan;2. National Research Institute of Far Seas Fisheries, Fisheries Research Agency, 2-12-4 Fukuura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan;3. Hachinohe Station, Tohoku National Fisheries Research Institute, Fisheries Research Agency, 25-259 Shimomekurakubo, Same-cho, Hachinohe, Aomori, Japan;4. Meteorological Research Institute, Japan Meteorological Agency, 1-1 Nagamine, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan;5. School of Marine Science and Technology, Tokai University, 3-20-1 Orido, Shimizu-ku, Shizuoka, Shizuoka, Japan;1. Physics Department, University of Fribourg, CH-1700 Fribourg, Switzerland;2. Chemistry Department, University of Fribourg, CH-1700 Fribourg, Switzerland;3. Adolphe Merkle Institute, University of Fribourg, CH-1700 Fribourg, Switzerland;1. Department of Ocean Sciences, 1156 High Street, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA 95062, United States;2. Institute or Marine Sciences, 1156 High Street, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA 95062, United States;3. Environmental Research Division, Southwest Fisheries Science Center, NOAA, Monterey, CA, United States |
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| Abstract: | We investigate an ambiguity in the current understanding of the Gulf Stream (GS) transport in response to the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO). While some investigations (discussed herein) suggest enhanced transport during low NAO phases, other studies suggest enhanced transport in high NAO phases. NAO-induced variability in the western North Atlantic is studied by using a 1/6°-resolution basin-scale Regional Ocean Modeling System (ROMS) model. Results indicate that the western boundary current limb of the GS, upstream of Cape Hatteras, exhibit enhanced transport during low-NAO phases. However, further downstream of Cape Hatteras, after the GS separates from the coast, diminished GS transport is seen during low-NAO phases. The converse is true for high NAO phases for both segments of the GS system. Model results show the Deep Western Boundary Current (DWBC), the northern recirculation gyre and the southern recirculation gyre intensify (weaken) during the high (low) NAO periods. |
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