| S波段相控阵天气雷达与新一代多普勒天气雷达定量对比方法及其初步应用 |
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| 引用本文： | 吴翀,刘黎平,张志强.S波段相控阵天气雷达与新一代多普勒天气雷达定量对比方法及其初步应用[J].气象学报,2014,72(2):390-401. |
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| 作者姓名： | 吴翀 刘黎平 张志强 |
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| 作者单位： | 中国气象科学研究院灾害天气国家重点实验室, 北京, 100081;成都信息工程学院, 成都, 610225;中国气象科学研究院灾害天气国家重点实验室, 北京, 100081;国家气象信息中心, 北京, 100081 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然基金项目（41175038）、气象行业专项“多部雷达组网适应性观测技术研究与数据质量控制”（GYHY201106046）和十二五国家科技支撑计划课题“全球中期数值预报技术开发及应用”（2012BAC22B00）。 |
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| 摘 要： | 受外场试验条件的限制，相控阵天气雷达在测试过程中难以与用于对比的多普勒天气雷达保持相同位置，造成不同雷达之间的观测资料无法直接对比。为了较全面地分析该情况下相控阵天气雷达的探测能力，提出了针对不同地理位置不同分辨率的雷达反射率因子匹配方法和观测资料的定量对比方法。初步使用该方法对2010年5月21日的S波段相控阵天气雷达（S-PAR）与相距54 km的南京新一代多普勒天气雷达（CINRAD/SA）观测资料进行了结构的对比及数值的分析。结果表明：（1）S-PAR的回波结构与位置均较为合理，与CINRAD/SA相比反射率因子测量偏差很小，未受地物影响的径向速度较为接近，同时单波束发射4波束同时接收的扫描方式大大节约了扫描时间；（2）S-PAR受宽波束的影响，100 km外的回波出现了明显的平滑现象，难以探测到细微结构；（3）S-PAR的灵敏度比CINRAD/SA差，100 km处的最小可测反射率因子偏高16 dBz，通过相同灵敏度的模拟后发现S-PAR较差的灵敏度是造成回波结构差异的主要原因；（4）提出的经纬度匹配方法较好地将不同位置下的雷达资料对应起来，经纬度匹配后在垂直方向的不同处理方式得到的结果存在细微差异，基于采样体积的平均方法取得的效果最佳。
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| 关 键 词： | S波段相控阵天气雷达 新一代多普勒天气雷达 定量对比方法 |
| 收稿时间： | 2013/4/26 0:00:00 |
| 修稿时间： | 2013/12/5 0:00:00 |
Quantitative comparison algorithm between the S-band phased array radar and the CINRAD/SA and its preliminary application |
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| WU Chong,LIU Liping and ZHANG Zhiqiang.Quantitative comparison algorithm between the S-band phased array radar and the CINRAD/SA and its preliminary application[J].Acta Meteorologica Sinica,2014,72(2):390-401. |
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| Authors: | WU Chong LIU Liping and ZHANG Zhiqiang |
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| Institution: | State Key Lab of Severe Weather, Chinese Academy of Meteorological Science, Beijing 100081, China;Chengdu University of Information Technology, Chengdu 610225, China;State Key Lab of Severe Weather, Chinese Academy of Meteorological Science, Beijing 100081, China;National Meteorological Information Center, Beijing 100081, China |
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| Abstract: | It is difficult to compare phased array weather radar data with normal dish antenna Doppler weather radar data collected from different locations and under different test conditions. In order to determine the detection capability of a phased array weather radar, a reflectivity matching algorithm and a quantitative analysis method against the various radar resolution and different places are proposed. Using the S-band phased array radar (S-PAR) data and the Nanjing CINRAD observational data, the precipitation structures measured by the two radars are compared. The results indicate that: (1) S-PAR can make precipitation measurements with a reasonable accuracy and reduce the scanning time with its electronically steered multiple simultaneous beams. (2) At the range of 100 km, the smearing effect caused by the wide beam width is obvious: S-PAR can hardly detect the subtle structures. (3) The sensitivity of S-PAR is lower, causing its minimum reflectivity factor to be 16 dBz higher than that of CINRAD/SA. And, (4) radar data in different locations can be matched very well with the proposed algorithm, and different vertical treatments after coordinate matching will produce nuanced results, among which the smoothing algorithm based on sampling volume could achieve a best result. |
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| Keywords: | S-band phased array weather radar CINRAD/SA Quantitative comparison algorithm |
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