Vegetation chlorophyll estimates in the Amazon from multi-angle MODIS observations and canopy reflectance model |
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| Institution: | 1. Departamento de Engenharia Florestal, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Avenida Purdue s/n, Viçosa, MG 36570-900, Brazil;2. Instituto de Geociências, Universidade de São Paulo, Rua do Lago 562, São Paulo, SP 05508-080, Brazil;3. Instituto de Geociências, Universidade de Campinas, PO Box 6152, Campinas, SP 13083-870, Brazil;4. Department of Geography, University of California Santa Barbara, 1832 Ellison Hall, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, United States;5. Mineral Resources Flagship, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, PO Box 883, Kenmore, QLD 4069, Australia;6. Centro Pluridisciplinar de Pesquisas Químicas, Biológicas e Agrícolas, Universidade de Campinas, Avenida Alexandre Cazelatto 999, Paulínia, SP 13148-218, Brazil;7. MB Soluções Florestais, Rua Vereador Gilberto Valério Pinheiro 134/102, Viçosa, MG 36570-000, Brazil;1. Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Science Center, Federal University of Ceara (UFC), Fortaleza, CE 60020-181, Brazil;2. State University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Ivinhema, MS 79740-000, Brazil;3. National Institute for Amazonian Research, Manaus, AM 69067-375, Brazil;4. Department of Fisher Engineering, Center of Agricultural Sciences, UFC, Science Center, UFC, Fortaleza, CE 60020-181, Brazil;1. Global Environmental Modelling and Earth Observation (GEMEO), Department of Geography, Swansea University, SA2 8PP, United Kingdom;2. Department of Geography, University of Lethbridge, 4401 University Drive, Lethbridge, Alberta T1K 3M4, Canada |
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| Abstract: | As a preparatory study for future hyperspectral missions that can measure canopy chemistry, we introduce a novel approach to investigate whether multi-angle Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) data can be used to generate a preliminary database with long-term estimates of chlorophyll. MODIS monthly chlorophyll estimates between 2000 and 2015, derived from a fully coupled canopy reflectance model (ProSAIL), were inspected for consistency with eddy covariance fluxes, tower-based hyperspectral images and chlorophyll measurements. MODIS chlorophyll estimates from the inverse model showed strong seasonal variations across two flux-tower sites in central and eastern Amazon. Marked increases in chlorophyll concentrations were observed during the early dry season. Remotely sensed chlorophyll concentrations were correlated to field measurements (r2 = 0.73 and r2 = 0.98) but the data deviated from the 1:1 line with root mean square errors (RMSE) ranging from 0.355 μg cm?2 (Tapajós tower) to 0.470 μg cm?2 (Manaus tower). The chlorophyll estimates were consistent with flux tower measurements of photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) and net ecosystem productivity (NEP). We also applied ProSAIL to mono-angle hyperspectral observations from a camera installed on a tower to scale modeled chlorophyll pigments to MODIS observations (r2 = 0.73). Chlorophyll pigment concentrations (ChlA+B) were correlated to changes in the amount of young and mature leaf area per month (0.59 ≤ r2 ≤ 0.64). Increases in MODIS observed ChlA+B were preceded by increased PAR during the dry season (0.61 ≤ r2 ≤ 0.62) and followed by changes in net carbon uptake. We conclude that, at these two sites, changes in LAI, coupled with changes in leaf chlorophyll, are comparable with seasonality of plant productivity. Our results allowed the preliminary development of a 15-year time series of chlorophyll estimates over the Amazon to support canopy chemistry studies using future hyperspectral sensors. |
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| Keywords: | Chlorophyll Phenology Amazon MODIS Hyperspectral ProSAIL Multi-angular |
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