| 基于遥感与GIS的区域生态环境评价方法的研究 |
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| 引用本文： | 薛惠敏,胡春梅.基于遥感与GIS的区域生态环境评价方法的研究[J].地理信息世界,2016(5):80-85. |
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| 作者姓名： | 薛惠敏 胡春梅 |
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| 作者单位： | 北京建筑大学 测绘与城市空间信息学院,北京,102616 |
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| 摘 要： | 在对某地区进行生态环境评价研究过程中,往往很难准确合理地确定各类评价指标的权重。层次分析(AHP)与模糊数学(fuzzy mathematics) 综合评判法是根据模糊数学的隶属度理论把定性评价转化为定量评价,建立模糊综合评价模型。确定地区的生态环境健康指标体系,分为目标层、准则层和指标层,并选取实验区的各类生态指标。采用组合赋权法确定各层次权重,然后计算出各指标的权重建立模糊综合评价模型,最后根据提取的遥感数据完成地区生态环境评价分级。运用基于AHP与模糊数学的综合评判法确定评价指标的权重,在GIS平台上对各评价指标进行加权叠加,得到地区生态环境的等级评价图,实现了地区生态环境评价。研究结果表明,使用该方法确定地区生态环境各指标权重所得的评价分级是与现实吻合的,这对于评价和保护地区生态环境具有现实意义。
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| 关 键 词： | 模糊综合评价模型 生态环境评价 层次分析法 模糊数学法 |
Study on Ecological Environment Evaluation Method of Mining Area Based on RS and GIS |
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| Abstract: | In the process of study of the ecological environment evaluation in a certain area, it is often difficult to determine the weight of all kinds of evaluation indexes. Analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method (fuzzy comprehensive evaluation)are the combination of AHP and fuzzy mathematics. According to the theory of the membership degree of fuzzy mathematics, the qualitative evaluation is transformed into quantitative evaluation, and a fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model is established. First of all, the region's ecological environment health index system is divided into three levels: target layer, criterion layer and index layer. And all kinds of ecological indicators in the experimentation area should be selected. Using the combination weighting method to determine the weight value of each level, and then using the matrix to calculate the weight of each index to establish the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model, and finally according to the extraction of remote sensing data, the evaluation of regional ecological environment could be completed. The weights of the evaluation indexes are determined by the comprehensive evaluation method based on AHP and fuzzy mathematics, and the evaluation index of the regional ecological environment is obtained by using the weighted sum of the GIS platform. The result of study shows that the evaluation and classification of each index weight of regional ecological environment are consistent with the reality, which has practical significance for the region evaluation and protection of the ecological environment. |
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| Keywords: | fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model ecological environment assessment analytic hierarchy process (AHP) fuzzy mathematical method |
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