| 黄土高原土壤侵蚀基本规律 |
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| 引用本文： | 张宗祜.黄土高原土壤侵蚀基本规律[J].第四纪研究,1993,13(1):34-40. |
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| 作者姓名： | 张宗祜 |
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| 作者单位： | 地质矿产部水文地质工程地质研究所 |
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| 摘 要： | 土壤侵蚀现象是黄土高原的一个重大环境问题。土壤侵蚀的发生和发展有其自然的规律。黄土高原的土壤侵蚀可概括为三种类型:(1)水流侵蚀;(2)重力侵蚀;(3)风力侵蚀。控制黄土高原土壤侵蚀的自然因素为:降水、地形、植被和岩土性质。降水和地形两个因素称之为“侵蚀性因素”;植被和岩土性质两个因素称之为“可蚀性因素”。土壤侵蚀的发生与否,以及侵蚀的程度,最终取决于上述侵蚀性因素与可蚀性因素两者之间相互影响的结果。如果侵蚀性因素的效果大于可蚀性因素的效果,则发生侵蚀作用;反之,则侵蚀作用不显示。
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| 关 键 词： | 土壤侵蚀 类型 控制因素 侵蚀作用模式 |
THE BASIC FEATURES OF SOIL EROSION IN LOESS PLATEAU |
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| Institution: | Institute of Hydrogeology and Engineering Geology, Ministry of Geology and Mineral Resources |
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| Abstract: | Soil erosion is a main environmental problem in Loess Plateau of China. The genesis of soil erosion has its own natural features. Three major erosion types might be summarized as follows: (1) Water Flow Erosion, (2) Gravitational Erosion, (3) Wind-force Erosion. The dominant natural factors of erosion are: (1) Precipitation, (2) Landform, (3) Vegetation, (4) The characttristics of soil. Precipitation and landform were called "erodibility". Vegetation and the characteristics of soil were called "stability". Whether the erosion will occur and its intensity depend on the interact result between erodibility and stability. Erosion will occur if the effect of erodibility factors is greater than the effect from stability factors, otherwise no erosion will occur. |
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