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| 关中地区元代干旱灾害与气候变化 | |
| 引用本文： | 顾静,赵景波,周杰.关中地区元代干旱灾害与气候变化[J].海洋地质与第四纪地质,2007,27(6):111-117. |
| 作者姓名： | 顾静 赵景波 周杰 |
| 作者单位： | 1. 中国科学院地球环境研究所,黄土与第四纪地质国家重点实验室,西安,710075;中国科学院,研究生院,北京,100039 2. 中国科学院地球环境研究所,黄土与第四纪地质国家重点实验室,西安,710075;陕西师范大学,旅游与环境学院,西安,710062 3. 中国科学院地球环境研究所,黄土与第四纪地质国家重点实验室,西安,710075 |
| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金项目(40571004)，教育部人文社科研究基地重大招标项目(05jjd770014)，中国科学院知识创新工程重要方向性项目(KZCX3-SW-146) |
| 摘 要： | 通过对元代关中地区历史资料的搜集、整理和分析,对该时期关中地区的干旱灾害等级、干旱灾害事件在时间上的变化及其成因进行了研究。结果表明:关中地区从元代早期(公元1266年)至元代晚期(公元1359年)的94年中,共发生干旱灾害33次,平均每2.85年发生一次;元代关中地区的干旱灾害主要以轻度旱灾为主,占旱灾总数的42.4%,其次是中度旱灾,占旱灾总数的24.2%,特大旱灾的发生频率也较高,占旱灾总数的21.2%,大旱灾发生频率最低,占旱灾总数的12.1%。关中地区干旱灾害在元代早、中、晚期分布不均匀,从早期到中期再到晚期,干旱灾害呈现出由少变多又变少的趋势;降水量的年内分布不均匀是该区在元代发生轻度和中度干旱灾害的主要原因,而气候的异常明显变干是该区在元代中期干旱灾害加剧和大旱灾频繁发生的主要原因。该地区自身的地理位置,所处的气候背景以及人类活动导致植被破坏也加剧了干旱灾害的发生。元代关中地区发生了1次干旱气候事件,时间在1326—1332年。初步确定元代关中大旱灾发生年份主要灾区的年均降水量为400 mm左右,特大旱灾发生年份主要灾区的年均降水量为350 mm左右。 |
| 关 键 词： | 干旱灾害 干旱事件 降水量 元代 关中地区 |
| 文章编号： | 0256-1492（2007）06-0111-07 |
| 收稿时间： | 2007-07-13 |
| 修稿时间： | 2007-11-19 |
DROUGHT DISASTER AND CLIMATIC CHANGE IN YUAN DYNASTY IN GUANZHONG AREA |
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| GU Jing,ZHAO Jing-bo,ZHOU Jie.DROUGHT DISASTER AND CLIMATIC CHANGE IN YUAN DYNASTY IN GUANZHONG AREA[J].Marine Geology & Quaternary Geology,2007,27(6):111-117. | |
| Authors: | GU Jing ZHAO Jing-bo ZHOU Jie |
| Abstract: | Based on collecting,arranging and analyzing historic materials in Yuan Dynasty in Guanzhong area,we analyzed ranks,time changes and causes of the drought disasters.Study results indicated that Guanzhong area altogether suffered 33 drought disasters,at the interval of 2.85 years from the early stage(in 1266 AD) to the last stage(in 1359 AD) of the 94 year-long Yuan Dynasty.The drought disasters in Yuan Dynasty in Guanzhong area were mainly mild ones that accounted for 42.4% of the total.Followed were the moderate drought disasters which accounted for 24.2% of the total.Frequency of the severest drought disasters was also high,and they accounted for 21.2% of the total.Frequency of great drought disasters was very low,and they accounted for only 12.1% of the total.Drought disasters were clearly non-uniform at the early,middle and last stages in Yuan Dynasty in Guanzhong area,and increased gradually with time.Temperature and precipitation that were distributed non-uniformly and changed greatly in different years were main causes of the mild and moderate drought disasters.That the climate obviously became drought was main causes of the great and severest drought disasters in the middle stage in Yuan Dynasty in Guanzhong area.The geographical position,climatic background and vegetation damage by human activity intensified the occurrence of drought disasters.There was a drought event in Yuan Dynasty in Guanzhong area that happened during 1296-1332.We determined that mean annual precipitation of great drought disaster was about 400 mm and mean annual precipitation of the severest drought disaster was about 350 mm in main drought disaster areas. |
| Keywords: | drought disaster cause of drought disaster drought event precipitation Yuan Dynasty Guanzhong area |
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