Vegetation history and environmental development since ca 6000 cal yr BP in and around Ispani 2 (Kolkheti lowlands,Georgia) |
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| Authors: | Pim de Klerk Andreas Haberl Andreas Kaffke Matthias Krebs Izolda Matchutadze Merten Minke Jenny Schulz Hans Joosten |
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| Institution: | 1. Staatliches Museum für Naturkunde Karlsruhe, Erbprinzentraße 13, D-76133 Karlsruhe, Germany;2. Institute of Geography and Geology, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt-University, partner in the Greifswald Mire Centre, Friedrich-Ludwig-Jahn-Straße 16a, D-17487 Greifswald, Germany;3. Institute of Botany and Landscape Ecology, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt-University, partner in the Greifswald Mire Centre, Soldmannstraße 15, D-17487 Greifswald, Germany |
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| Abstract: | The Kolkheti lowlands of western Georgia have a unique vegetation and a rich cultural history. Palynological and macrofossil analysis accompanied by AMS 14C-dates of the deposits of the Ispani 2 mire near Kobuleti allow the reconstruction of regional vegetation, environmental history and local peatland development within the context of Black Sea level and cultural changes. Comparison of two adjacent peatland cores confirms spatial differences in wetland development. Prior to 5400 cal yr BP, the Ispani basin was a floodplain of an active river system where overbank deposits with fluvially transported Castanea pollen were deposited. Subsequently, a lake or lagoon developed in which reeds expanded. These were succeeded by herb-rich open alder carrs. After 1900 cal yr BP, Carpinus and Fagus expanded on the dry grounds, where formerly Quercus was more abundant. Also Castanea declined. Local reedbeds, that burned regularly, succeeded the alder carr. After 1000 cal yr BP, a percolation bog developed resulting in the formation of 4 m of loose, porous, and largely undecomposed Sphagnum austinii peat with Molinia roots. The upper 50 cm of the analysed section show extensive human impact on the landscape during the 20th century. |
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